高加水侧空气门何时使用？

关于非洲地形的叙述，正确的有[ ]

A、以平原为主，地面起伏不大

B、著名的德拉肯斯山脉分布在西北边缘

C、东非的大裂谷是世界上最长的裂谷带

D、最高山峰乞力马扎罗山位于埃塞尔比亚高原上

（10分）2010年暑假期间，某学校课题研究小组为了撰写关于未知材料电阻率的实践报告，设计了一个测量电阻率（被测电阻丝的阻值约为15）的实验方案，可提供的器材有：

A．电流表G，内阻R_g=120，满偏电流I_g=3mA

B．电流表A，内阻约为0.2，量程为0～0.6A

C．螺旋测微器

D．电阻箱R₀(0～9999,0.5A)

E．滑动变阻器R_g (5,1A)

F．干电池组（3V，0.05）

G．一个开关和导线若干

他进行了以下操作：

（1）(2分)用螺旋测微器测电阻丝的直径，其示数部分如图所示，则该次测量测得直径=         mm。

（2） (2分)把电流表G与电阻箱串联改装成电压表使用，最大测量电压为3V，则电阻箱的阻值应调为＝______。

（3）(4分)请用改造完的电压表设计一个测量电阻率的实验电路，根据提供的器材和实验需要，请将图中电路图补画完整。

（4）(2分)实验数据的测量与电阻率的计算：如果电阻丝的长度用L表示，电路闭合后，调节滑动变阻器的滑片到合适位置，电流表G的示数为I₁，电流表A的示数为I₂，请用已知量和测量量写出计算电阻率的表达式___________________________。

内部审计的（）是指内部审计师对会计记录或其他文件进行审阅核对。

A．审核法

B．观察法

C．询问法

D．函证法

某市实施新的水务管理办法，对居民生活用水逐步推行阶梯水价，对工业和服务业超计划用水实行累进加价，对高耗水行业实行差别水价。这种水务管理办法有利于( )。
①产业结构的调整②水资源的优化配置
③企业生产效率的提高 ④居民生活水平的提高

A．①②
B．①④
C．②③
D．②④

Effective communication is essential for all organisations. It links the activities of the various parts of the organisation and ensures that everyone is working towards a Common goal. It is also extremely important for motivating employees. Staff need to know how they are getting on, what they are doing right and in which areas they could improve. Working alone can be extremely difficult and it is much easier if someone takes an interest and provides support. Employees need to understand why their job is important and how it contributes to the overall success of the firm. Personal communication should also include target setting. People usually respond well to goals, provided these are agreed between the manager and subordinate and not imposed.

However, firms often have communications problems that can undermine their performance. In many cases, these problems occur because messages are passed on in an inappropriate way. There are of course, several ways of conveying information to others in the organisation. These include speaking to them directly, e-mailing, telephoning or sending a memo. The most appropriate method depends on what exactly it is you are communicating. For example, anything that is particularly sensitive or confidential, such as an employee’s appraisal, should be done face-to-face.

One of the main problems for senior executives is that they do not have the time or resources needed to communicate effectively. In large companies, for example, it is impossible for senior managers to meet and discuss progress with each employee individually. Obviously this task can be delegated but at the cost of creating a gap between senior management and staff. As a result, managers are often forced to use other methods of communication. Like memos or notes, even if they know these are not necessarily the most suitable means of passing on messages.

The use of technology, such as e-mail, mobile phones and network system, is speeding up communication immensely. However, this does not mean that more investment in technology automatically proves beneficial, systems can become outdated or employees may lack appropriate training. There are many communications tools now available but a firm cannot afford all of them. Even if it could, it does not actually need them all. The potential gains must be weighed up against the costs, and firms should realise that more communication does not necessarily mean better communication.

As the number of people involved in an organisation increase, the use of written communication rises even faster. Instead of a quick conversation to sort something out numerous messages can be passed backwards and forwards. This can lead to a tremendous amount of paperwork and is often less effective than face to face communication. When you are actually talking to someone you can discuss things until you are happy they have understood and feedback is immediate. With written messages, however, you are never quite sure how it will be received. What you think you have said and what the other person thinks you have said can be very different.

The amount of written information generated in large organisations today can lead to communication overload. So much information is gathered that it gets in the-way of making decisions. Take a look at the average manager’s desk and you will see the problem—it is often covered in letters, reports and memos. This overload can lead to inefficiencies. For example, managers may not be able to find the information they want when they need it. Communication is also becoming more difficult with the changes occurring in employment patterns. With more people working part-time and working from home, managing communication is becoming increasingly complex.

According to the writer, the best way of achieving effective communication is to（）

A. adapt the message to suit a particular audience

B. make the content of message brief and direct

C. select the most suitable means of conveying a particular message

D. ensure that information is targeted at the appropriate group of people