试题与答案

为什么说语言不是个人现象?

题型:问答题 简答题

题目:

为什么说语言不是个人现象?

答案:

参考答案:

1)表面上看,语言表现为具体的人说的话和写的文章,但语言不是个人现象。

2)语言是社会全体成员共同创造的,语言的发展也是社会全体成员共同努力的结果。而且,在一个人还没有出现的时候,语言就存在了,代代相传,不可能是个人现象。语言的产生与存在都是依赖于社会的,离不开社会的。个人虽然有创造性地使用语言的权利,但依然使用的是社会全体成员共同创造的语言材料。所以语言不是个人现象而是社会现象。

3)语言的社会性并不否认个人的语言特点和个人在语言发展中的作用。这种特点表现在两个方面:一是对语言材料的选择和运用,不同的人对共同使用的语言材料的选择和运用是不一样的,这是构成个人语言特点的主要方面;二是每个社会成员在运用语言时会不同程度地超出已有语言材料和语言规则,这往往可以成为语言发展变化的开端。

4)总之,我们不否认个人在语言发展中的作用,但归根到底语言是社会现象,不是个人现象。

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题型:阅读理解
Somehow Rey had managed to struggle free from the rope around his neck, after being left to die a slow death as punishment for being a bad Spanish greyhound(猎狗).

20090506

 
It is believed that 50,000 greyhounds are killed by their owners in Spain each year after they grow too old, or turn out to be too slow to hunt with.Dogs have also been found thrown into wells, burnt alive and even injected with poison.

But Rey's intended fate(命运) was, even within the levels of cruelty usually shown to Spanish hunting dogs, especially cruel.The rope around his neck had been set at a height so that his front paws could not touch the ground, meaning that he was intended to stand on his back legs until he was too tired to support himself.When his legs finally became too tired, the rope should have done its work.
"They call it the typewriting death, because the dog's back legs struggled against the ground and make the clicking sound of a typewriter," said Albert Sorde, of the SOS Galgos greyhound rescue group."It is a punishment for greyhounds that are thought to have made their owners lose face."
"Rey's throat was severely damaged but we managed to find a vet to operate and, though it was expensive, he survived," he said.
Greyhounds in Spain are used for hunting hares(野兔)."The dogs are meant to imitate the swerves(转向)of the hares," said Sorde."Those who don't, and make their owners look bad, are called 'dirty greyhounds' and are most likely to be killed by the typewriter method."  
小题1:Rey was intended to be killed by            
A.kickingB.burying
C.hangingD.drowning
小题2:The underlined word "vet" in(Paragraph 5)probably means  “_________”.
A.animal doctorB.ambulance
C.animal medicine D.equipment
小题3:What can you infer from the passage?  
A.Dogs are not kept as pets in Spain.
B.Rey was punished because he had not been loyal to his owner.
C.The typewriting death is named because a typewriter is used in the punishment.
D.Rey didn’t behave very well in the hunting.
小题4:The passage mainly tells the readers about _________.
A.the cruel killing of dogs in Spain
B.how Rey was saved by rescuers
C.how Spanish dogs hunt hares
D.the fate of the dogs in Spain
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