试题与答案

职业道德是道德这个庞大体系中的一个重要部分，它是（）发展到一定阶段的产物。 A.社会

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题型：单项选择题

题目：

职业道德是道德这个庞大体系中的一个重要部分，它是（）发展到一定阶段的产物。

A.社会经济

B.社会分工

C.社会政治

D.社会劳动

答案：

参考答案：B

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题型：阅读理解与欣赏

(8分)

保尔不知不觉走到松林跟前，在岔路口停住了。右边是阴森森的老监狱，有一道高高的尖头木栅栏，把它和松林隔开。监狱后面是医院的白色楼房。

就是在这里，在这空旷的广场上，瓦莉亚和她的同志们被绞死了。保尔在原来设置绞架的地方默默地站了一会儿，然后走向陡坡，顺坡下去，到了埋葬烈士的墓地。

不知道是哪个有心人，在坟墓周围摆上了用云杉枝编的花圈，像给这块小小的墓地修了一道绿色的围墙。陡坡上挺拔的松树高高矗立，峡谷的斜坡上绿草如茵。

这里是小城的边缘，寂静而冷清。松林在低语，春天的大地在复苏，散发着潮湿的泥土气息。同志们就是在这里英勇就义的。他们为那些出生即贫贱、落地便为奴的人能过上美好的生活，献出了自己的生命。

保尔慢慢地摘下了帽子。悲痛，巨大的悲痛，充满了他的心。

人最宝贵的是生命。生命每个人只有一次。人的一生应当这样度过：回首往事，他不会因为虚度年华而悔恨，也不会因为卑鄙庸俗而羞愧；临终之际，他能够说：“我的整个生命和全部精力，都献给了世界上最壮丽的事业——为解放全人类而斗争。”要抓紧时间赶快生活，因为一场莫名其妙的疾病，或者一个意外的悲惨事件，都会使生命中断。

保尔怀着这样的思想，离开了烈士墓。

（节选自奥斯特洛夫斯基的《钢铁是怎样炼成的》 ）

小题1:在“生命的意义”之前的一段文字中有这样一句话：“这是他第四次死里逃生。”读完《钢铁是怎样炼成的》，请用扼要的语言概括“四次死里逃生”的经历。 （4分）

小题2:在当今这个时代，我们可以向保尔学习到什么精神？（4分）
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题型：单项选择题

In the 1960s, the Pharmaceutical Company Sandoz marketed its tranquilizer Serentil with ads suggesting the drug be prescribed to "the newcomer in town who can’t make friends and the woman who can’t get along with her new daughter-in-law. The executive who can’t accept retirement." But the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stopped the ads. Drugs are supposed to treat illnesses, the agency said, not the changes of living.
Isn’t that an unusual idea The FDA was worried back then about an overmedicated society. Today 7% of Americans are on antidepressants (many more have tried them), and ads try to persuade people to buy drugs for problems like fatigue, loneliness and sadness. Still, drug companies aren’t the (sole) villain. Horwitz, dean of social and behavioral sciences at Rutgers, and Wakefield, an expert on mental-illness diagnosis at New York University, persuasively argue that many instances of normal sadness are now misdiagnosed as depressive disorder. They also point out that the capacity to feel sad is an evolutionarily selected trait that we might not want to drug away.
We’ve been living in an age of sadness for at lease two decades. But while it’s tempting to blame our culture — fear of terrorists, too much caffeine — there’s a more straightforward explanation for the boom in sadness. In 1980, the American Psychiatric Association published a new definition of depression that was a radical departure from the old one, which had described "depressive neurosis" as "an excessive reaction of depression due to an internal conflict or to an identifiable event such as the loss of a love object." To be diagnosed with major depressive disorder today, you need have only five symptoms for two weeks, which can include depressed mood, weight gain, insomnia, fatigue and indecisiveness. The definition does make an exception for bereavement: if you recently lost a loved one, such symptoms are not considered disordered. But it doesn’t make exceptions for other things that make us sad — divorce or financial stress.
Still, is there anything wrong with medicating normal sadness if you don’t mind side effects Horwitz and Wakefield take no position on this. They point out that women giving birth take painkillers even though pain is a normal part of the process. But they also note that "loss responses are part of our biological heritage." Nonhuman primates separated from sexual partners or peers have physiological responses that correlate with sadness. Human infants express despair to evoke sympathy from others. These sadness responses suggest sorrow is genetic and that it is useful for attracting social support, protecting us from aggressors and teaching us that whatever prompted the sadness — say, getting fired because you were always late to work — is behavior to be avoided. This is a brutal economic approach to the mind, but it makes sense: we are sometimes meant to suffer emotional pain so that we will make better choices.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a symptom of major depressive disorder

A．( Inability to sleep

B．( Grief over death

C．( Weariness

D．( Weight gain
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