在轴位图像上视神经直径为（） A.3～4mm B.5～7mm C.8～10mm D.

现代文大阅读

愁 乡 石

张晓风

到“鹅库玛”度假去的那一天，海水蓝得很特别。

每次看到海，总有一种瘫痪的感觉，尤其是看到这种碧入波心的、急速涨潮的海。这种向正前方望去直对着上海的海。

“只有四百五十海里。”他们说。

我不知道四百五十海里有多远，也许比银河还迢遥吧？每次想到上海，总觉得像历史上的镐京或是洛邑那么幽渺，那样让人牵起一种又凄凉又悲怆的心境。我们面海而立，在浪花与浪花之间追想多柳的长安与多荷的金陵，我的乡愁遂变得又剧烈又模糊。

可惜那一片江山，每年春来时，全交付给了千林啼鴃①。

有两三个人影徘徊在柔软的沙滩上，拣着五彩的贝壳。那些炫人的小东西像繁花一样地开在白沙滩上，给发现的人一种难言的惊喜。而我站在那里，无法让悲激的心怀去适应一地的色彩。

蓦然间，沁凉的浪打在我的脚下，我没有料到那一下冲撞竟有那么裂人心魄。想着海水所来的方向，想着上海某一个不知名的滩头，我便有一种嚎哭的冲动。而哪里是我们可以恸哭的秦廷？哪里是申包胥可以流七日泪水的地方？②此处是异国，异国寂凉的海滩。

他们叫这一片海为中国海，世上再没有另一个海有这样美丽沉郁的名字了。小时候曾经多么神往于爱琴海，多么迷醉于想像中那抹灿烂的晚霞，而现在，在这个无奈的多风的下午，我只剩下一个爱情，爱我自己国家的名字，爱这个蓝得近乎哀愁的中国海。

而一个中国人站在中国海的沙滩上遥望中国，这是一个怎样咸涩的下午！

海水在远处澎湃，海水在近处澎湃，海水徒然地冲刷着这个古老民族的羞耻。

那些岛上的人很幸福地过着他们的日子，他们在历史上从来不曾辉煌过，所以他们不必痛心，他们没有骄傲过，所以无须悲哀。他们那样坦然地说着日本话、给小孩子起日本名字，在国民学校旗杆上竖着别人的太阳旗，他们那样怡然地顶着东西、唱着歌，走在美国人为他们铺的柏油马路上。

他们有他们的快乐。那种快乐是我们永远不会有也不屑有的。我们所有的只是超载的乡愁，只是世家子弟的那份茕独。

海浪冲逼而来，在阳光下亮着残忍的光芒。海雨天风，不放过旅人的悲思。我们向哪里去躲避？我们向哪里去遗忘？

小圆石在不绝的浪涛中颠簸着，灰白的色调让人想起流浪的霜鬓。我拣了几个，包在手绢里，我的臂膀遂有着十分沉重的感觉。

灰色的小圆石一共是七块，雕琢它们的是中国海的浪花，是来自上海的潮汐，日日夜夜，它们听着遥远的消息，把七块小石转动着，它们便发出琅然的声音，那声音里有着一种神秘的回响，呢喃着这个世纪最大的悲剧。在流浪的岁月里我们一无所有，而今，我却有了它们。我们的命运多少有些类似，我们都生活在岛上，都曾日夜凝望着一个方向。

“愁乡石！”我说，我知道这必是它的名字，它决不会再有其他的名字。

我慢慢地走回去，鹅库玛的海水在我背后蓝得叫人崩溃，我一步一步艰难地摆脱它。而手绢里的愁乡石响着，响着久违的乡音。

最可惜那一片江山，每年春来时，全交付给了千林啼鴃.

愁乡石响着，响一片久违的乡音。

后记：鹅库玛系冲绳岛③极北端之海滩，多有异石悲风。西人设基督教华语电台于斯，以其面对上海及广大的内陆地域。余今秋曾往一游，去国十八年，虽望乡亦情怯矣。是日徘徊低吟，黯然久之。                                       一九六八年

注①啼鴃，即“鶗鴂”，杜鹃鸟。阮籍诗句有“鸣雁飞南征，鶗鴂发哀音”。②申包胥，春秋时楚国大夫。他为请秦王发兵救楚，在秦廷痛哭七昼夜，终于感动秦王。他的爱国精神为后人所景仰。③冲绳，史称“琉球”，明清时为中国的属邦。甲午战争后为日本占有，二战后美军于此建立军事基地。

16.（1）作者写海，有时从感觉下笔，比如“每次看到海，总有一种瘫痪的感觉”，试从文中再找两例这样写海的句子。（2分）

①

②_____________________________________________________________________

（2）作者为什么说“每次想到上海，总觉得像历史上的镐京或是洛邑那么幽渺”？（2分）

17.文章前后两次说“最可惜那一片江山，每年春来时，全交付给了千林啼鴃”，请从文章内容和形式两方面说明其作用。（6分）

_______

18.作者为什么把那七块灰色的小圆石叫“愁乡石”？（4分）

_______________________________________________________________

19.作者在文中把自己（“我们”）分别跟两种人进行了比较，请找出这两组比较；并分析

“我”（“我们”）和他们的不同。（6分）

__________________________________________________

采取成本领先战略的原因包括( )。

A．形成进入障碍

B．增强企业讨价还价能力

C．降低替代品的威胁

D．有效防止竞争者迅速模仿

E．保持领先的竞争地位

自信用卡持卡人提出之日起（）天内，发卡机构有责任协助收单机构追索持卡人交易款项。

A.15

B.30

C.45

D.60

It is no longer just dirty blue-collar jobs in manufacturing that are being sucked offshore but also white-collar service jobs, which used to be considered safe from foreign competition. Telecoms charges have tumbled, allowing workers in far-flung locations to be connected cheaply to customers in the developed world. This has made it possible to offshore services that were once non-tradable. Morgan Stanley’s Mr. Roach has been drawing attention to the fact that the "global labour arbitrage" is moving rapidly to the better kinds of jobs. It is no longer just basic data processing and call centres that are being outsourced to low-wage countries, but also software programming, medical diagnostics, engineering design, law, accounting, finance and business consulting. These can now be delivered electronically from anywhere in the world, exposing skilled white-collar workers to greater competition.
The standard retort to such arguments is that outsourcing abroad is too small to matter much. So far fewer than lm American service-sector jobs have been lost to off-shoring. Forrester Research forecasts that by 2015 a total of 3.4m jobs in services will have moved abroad, but that is tiny compared with the 30m jobs destroyed and created in America every year. The trouble is that such studies allow only for the sorts of jobs that are already being off-shored, when in reality the proportion of jobs that can be moved will rise as IT advances and education improves in emerging economies.

To offshore services that were once non-tradable results from ______.
[A] the blue-collar job market
[B] the geographic location of the underdeveloped world
[C] the fierce competition among skilled workers
[D] the dive of telecoms fee

Alan Blinder, an economist at Princeton University, believes that most economists are underestimating the disruptive effects of off-shoring, and that in future two to three times as many service jobs will be susceptible to off-shoring as in manufacturing. This would imply that at least 30% of all jobs might be at risk. In practice the number of jobs off-shored to China or India is likely to remain fairly modest. Even so, the mere threat that they could be shifted will depress wages.
Moreover, says Mr. Blinder, education offers no protection. Highly skilled accountants, radiologists or computer programmers now have to compete with electronically delivered competition from abroad, whereas humble taxi drivers, janitors and crane operators remain safe from off-shoring. This may help to explain why the real median wage of American graduates has fallen by 6% since 9000, a bigger decline than in average wages.
In the 1980s and early 1990s, the pay gap between low-paid, low-skilled workers and high-paid, high-skilled Workers widened significantly. But since then, according to a study by David Autor, Lawrence Katz and Melissa Kearney, in America, Britain and Germany workers at the bottom as well as at the top have done better than those in the middle-income group. Office cleaning cannot be done by workers in India. It is the easily standardised skilled jobs in the middle, such as accounting, that are now being squeezed hardest. A study by Bradford Jensen and Lori Kletzer, at the Institute for International Economics in Washington D. C., confirms that workers in tradable services that are exposed to foreign competition tend to be more skilled than workers in non-tradable services and tradable manufacturing industries.

风肿的特点是：

A．肿块软如馒，有囊性感

B．坚硬如石，皮色不变

C．皮色发白，不肿肤冷

D．肿势宣浮，来急去快

E．漫肿，不红不热