质激素禁用于高血压是因为（） A.抑制蛋白质合成 B.促进胃酸分泌 C.抑制免疫功能

阿托品主要药理作用机制是

A．对抗胆碱酯酶

B．阻断M受体

C．阻断N受体

D．阻断自主神经节

E．抑制胆碱能递质释放

动脉导管未闭的超声表现，下列不正确的是（）

A.右心室、右心房扩大

B.肺动脉扩张，搏动增强

C.可直接显示未闭的动脉导管

D.导管口血流呈连续性湍流频谱

E.彩色见分流束沿肺动脉外侧上行

划分唯物主义和唯心主义的根本标准是什么( )。

A．看该哲学家是站在进步的阶级立场上还是落后的阶级立场上

B．是否承认事物是发展变化的

C．物质和意识谁是第一性的，是物质决定意识还是意识决定物质

D．该理论是从实践中总结出来的还是通过逻辑推理得到的

阅读理解

        Kathy started at my nursery school at the age of three. She settled into the group easily, and would

be first on the slide and highest up the climbing frame. She could put on her coat withouthelp and not only

fasten her own buttons but other children's too.    

       She was a lovely child but unfortunately a scratcher. If anyone upset her or stood in her way,her right hand would flash out fast and scratch down the face of her playmates. Children twice her age would fly in

fear from her.    

      This must have been very rewarding for Kathy but obviously it had to be stopped. All the usual ways

failed and then I remembered an account by G Atkinson of Highfield School,of how fights in the playgroud had been stopped. No punishment had been given, but the attacker had been ignored and the victims

rewarded. So I decided to try this out on Kathy.    

      With a pocketful of Smarties I followed Kathy around. She was so quick that it was impossible to

prevent her scratching, but I was determined to stay within arm's length all afternoon. All was peaceful but

then I saw Kathy's hand moved and heard the scream. Gently I gathered up the little hurt one in my arms

and said" Nice , nice  sweetie" and  I  put a  Smartie  into  her mouth. Kathy opened her mouth, expecting a Smartie and then looked puzzled when she got nothing.     Soon came another scream , this  time from

John. While  holding him in my arms , I  said , " Look , Kathy , a nice  Smartie for John" and put it into

John's mouth.    

      A smile of understanding flashed across Kathy's face. Minutes later,she came to me and said loudly,

" Give me a Smartie!  I have hurt my finger ! "     " No , " I  replied , " you'll  get it  if someone  hurts you." 

     On purpose, she turned and scratched a nearby boy, Tom, and waited quietly while I mothered and

rewarded him , then she walked away.She has never scratched a child since.    

Parents who find older children bullying younger brothers and sisters might do well to replace shouting and punishment by rewarding and giving more attention to the injured ones. It's certainly much easier and more effective.

1. From the passage , we know that Kathy is _____________.    

A. sensitive but slow   

B. smart but a bit rude    

C. independent but selfish    

D. quick but sort of passive

2. Kathy scratched Tom because___________.   

A. she was angry at Tom,who was in her way    

B. she wanted to get a Smartie from the teacher    

C. she was in the habit of scratching other children    

D. she wanted to know if the teacher meant what she had said

3. According  to  the  passage, the  underlined  word " bullying" is closest in meaning to"_________ ".    

A. helping                      

B. punishing    

C. hurting                        

D. protecting

4. The writer of this passage aims to recommend an approach to__________.    

A. rewarding children's good behavior    

B. correcting children's bad behavior    

C. punishing badly-behaved children   

D. praising well-behaved children