下列腺体中属于纯浆液腺的是（） A.腮腺 B.下颌下腺 C.舌下腺 D.唇腺 E.磨

铁路是工业文明的组成部分，20世纪初的印度和中国对发展铁路有不同的态度。阅读下列材料：

材料一 甘地认为“印度的得救在于抛弃它五十年来所学到的东西。铁路、电报、律师、医生等等都必须丢开”，主张恢复以手纺车为标志的农村工业，来对抗西方工业文明。只有用以手纺车为标志的农舍工业代替集权化的城市大工业，才能避免竞争和剥削，消灭失业和贫富差别，过简朴宁静的生活，从而实现非暴力的社会理想。他认为以大机器为象征的西方资本主义工业文明正是导致印度衰落和贫困的根源。

——张杰《铁路与民主》

材料二 孙中山先生一再强调中国要发展铁路。……在国弱民穷形势下，如何修建铁路？'孙中山主张铁路民办国有，实行对内、对外开放。如果国民有力承担，自应由国民兴办……经营4 0年后收为国有。谈到利用外资，他列举了三种具体方式：一是借款修路，国人自办；二是招股修路，华洋合办，主权属我；三是批给外国人承办，期满铁路无价收回。孙中山特别重视在利用外资中维护国家主权和利益，特别强调兴筑铁路要防止资本家垄断，他说：“我们一面图国家富强，一面当防资本家垄断之流弊”。

——孙永福《孙中山与中国铁路》

请回答：

（1）根据材料一，指出当时甘地对修筑铁路的态度，并作简要评价。（6分）

（2）材料二中孙中山强调“兴筑铁路要防止资本家垄断”体现了他的哪一主张？结合所学知识，说明该主张产生的背景。（4分）

（3）根据材料一、二，归纳甘地和孙中山在思想上的共性。（4分）

阅读下列材料，回答问题：

目前摆在中国人民面前的有两个前途。美帝国主义和国民党反动派，要使中国回到不独立、不自由、不民主、不统一、不富强的老状态里，这是个黑暗的前途。中 * * 党的中国人民要彻底打败日本侵略者，把中国建设成为一个独立、自由、民主、统一、富强的新国家。这是个光明的前途。我们要努力争取实现光明的前途。

--毛 * * 《论联合政府》

请回答：

（1）这篇文章出自于何时召开的哪次会议？（ 4分）

（2）这次会议对抗日战争和中国有什么意义？（2分）

（3）材料中提出的“彻底打败日本侵略者”是在何时？标志是什么？ （2分）

阻塞性黄疸时尿胆原定性试验结果为（）

A．正常

B．阴性

C．阳性

D．强阳性

E．1:20阴性

wi-fi展频技术主要又分为（），（）。

Surprisingly enough, modern historians have rarely interested themselves in the history of the American South in the period before the South began to become self-consciously and distinctively " Southern"—the decades after 1815. Consequently, the cultural history of Britain’s North American empire in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries has been written almost as if the Southern colonies had never existed. The American culture that emerged during the Colonial and Revolutionary eras has been depicted as having been simply an extension of New England Puritan culture.

However, Professor Davis has recently argued that the South stood apart from the rest of American society during this early period, following its own unique pattern of cultural development. The case for Southern distinctiveness rests_ upon two related premises: first, that the cultural similarities among the five Southern colonies were far more impressive than the differences, and second, that what made those colonies alike also made them different from the other colonies. The first, for which Davis offers an enormous amount of evidence, can be accepted without major recitations, the second is far more problematic.

What makes the second premise problematic is the use of the Puritan colonies as a basis for comparison. Quite properly,Davis decries the excessive influence ascribed by historians to the Puritans in the formation of American culture. Yet Davis inadvertently adds weight to such ascriptions by using the Puritans as the standard against which to assess the achievements and contributions of Southern colonials. Throughout, Davis focuses on the important and undeniable differences between the Southern and Puritan colonies in motives for and patterns of early settlement, in attitudes toward nature and Native Americans, and in the degree of receptivity to metropolitan cultural influences.

However, recent scholarship has ply suggested that those aspects of early New England culture that seem to have been most distinctly Puritan, such as the p religious orientation and the communal impulse, were not even typical of New England as a whole, but were largely confined to the two colonies of Massachusetts and Connecticut. Thus, what in contrast to the Puritan colonies appears to Davis to be peculiarly Southern-acquisitiveness. A p interest in polities and the law, and a tendency to cultivate metropolitan cultural models were not only more typically English than the cultural patterns exhibited by Puritan Massachusetts and Connecticut, but also almost certainly characteristic of most other early modern British colonies from Barbados north to Rhode Island and New Hampshire. Within the larger framework of American colonial life, then, not the Southern but the Puritan colonies appear to have been distinctive, and even they seem to have been rapidly assimilating to the dominant cultural patterns by the last Colonial period.

The word "premises" (Pard. 2) most probably means（）

A. presupposition

B.prestigious

C. prevalent

D. prejudice