试题与答案

患者,男性,50岁,骤发剧烈上腹痛,伴腹胀、恶心、呕吐1天。患者于发病当天无明显诱因

题型:不定项选择 案例分析题

题目:

患者,男性,50岁,骤发剧烈上腹痛,伴腹胀、恶心、呕吐1天。患者于发病当天无明显诱因突然发作剧烈腹痛,初起时觉剑突下偏右呈发作性胀痛,腹痛迅速波及全腹部转成持续性、刀割样剧烈疼痛,并向后背放射,伴恶心、呕吐,吐出胃内容物。发病以来未曾排便及排气,12小时前腹痛加重并出现烦躁不安,憋气,伴体温升高遂来急诊。3年前查体发现胆囊结石,未予治疗。既往无类似腹痛,无溃疡病史。查体:T38.9℃,BPl10/80mmHg,P110次/分,R32次/分。全身皮肤及巩膜可疑黄染,全腹膨隆,伴明显肌紧张及广泛压痛、反跳痛,移动性浊音(±),肠鸣音弱。辅助检查:Hb96.1g/L,WBC18.9×10/L,AST211切U/L,BUN9.9mmol/L,TBIL30μmol/L,DBIL12μmol/L,血钙1.75mmol/L。卧位腹平片示肠管充气扩张,肠间隙增宽。B超:肝回声均匀,未发现异常病灶,胆囊7cm×3cm×2cm大小,壁厚0.4cm,内有多发强光团,回声后有声影,胆总管直径0.9cm,胰腺形态失常,明显肿大,尤其以胰头、胰体明显,胰周多量液性暗区,胰管增粗。

应进行下述哪些治疗()

A.密切观察病情,有感染征象时,可手术探查

B.立即剖腹探查

C.适当应用抗生素及生长抑素类制剂

D.大剂量应用抗生素

E.禁食,胃肠减压

答案:

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