下列哪一项不属于民族、民间体育与活动？（） A.踢毽子 B.跳山羊 C.竹竿舞 D.

阅读下列材料：

材料一   柏利在1853年进行的那次访问是不受欢迎的，但过后他在日本反而有了许多潜在的盟友。长州和萨摩两藩的领主终于领悟到，与西方打交道的惟一途径，是采用西方本身的军事和技术装备。他们要为日本人拯救日本，就要学习西方列强的秘密。……明治时代是日本西化的伟大年代。从此日本变成了一个现代化的民族国家。               ——科尔顿《近代世界史》

材料二 从明治四年到明治六年，岩仓使节团以考察各国的文物制度为使命，遍访了欧美诸国，参观调查了工厂、火车、电线、邮政诸会社、金银铸造所和制铁所，……大久保归国后即就任了内务卿，积极推进殖产兴业政策，使节团在西欧产业各部门调查研究的成果开始在日本生根开花。……明治七年一月开设的内务省，以劝业所为中心，在各地设立官营模范工场，推行振兴国产化企业，扶持民业的政策。 ——[日]安冈昭男《日本近代史》

材料三 （日本明治维新时）改革的动力是西化。……英国模式自然作为铁路、电信、公共建筑和市政工程、纺织工业以及许多商业方法方面的模范；法国模式用来改革法制、改革军事（后来采用普鲁士模式），海军当然还是学习英国；大学则归功于美国。日本聘请的外国专家——在日本人的监督下——从1875～1876年的五六百人，上升到1890年的3000人左右。 —— [英]艾瑞克·霍布斯鲍姆《资本的年代》

请回答：

（1）说明材料一中柏利访日不受欢迎的政策原因。“长州和萨摩两藩的领主”主张向西方学习的目的何在? 

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（2）根据材料二、三，概括提炼日本明治维新时期学习西方的基本情况。

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阅读理解

     A famous teacher was speaking to the students at our school. He began his lesson by holding up a ￥

100 bill. Then he said to the three hundred students, "Who would like this ￥100 bill?" The students

began to put up their hands at once.

     Then he said, "I am going to give this ￥100 to one of you, but first, let me do this." He then made the

bill into a ball. Then he said, "Who wants it now?" The hands went back into the air.

     " Well," he said, "What if I do this?" and he dropped it on the floor and stepped on it. He picked up

the dirty, crumpled bill and said, "Who still wants it?" Hands went back into the air.

     "My friends," he said, "you have learned a valuable lesson today. No matter what I did to the money,

you still wanted it because it did not go down in value. It was still worth ￥ l00!"

     Many times in our lives, we are dropped, crumpled, and stepped on by the chances we take and the

things that happen to us. We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, no matter what has happened to you, you will never lose your value: you are always valuable to those people who love you. Your value

doesn't come from what you do or whom you know, but WHO YOU ARE.

     You are special and valuable. Don't ever forget it!

1. Even though it was dirty, the money _______.

A. still went up in value  

B. was worth nothing  

C. didn't go down in value  

D. was still ours

2. We are always valuable to the people _______.

A. who pay us

B. who call us

C. who hate us

D. who love us

3. Your value doesn't come from what you do but _______.

A. who you know

B. who made you    

C. who you remember

D. who you are

4. The sentence "Hands went back into the air" means "_______".

A. the students put up their hands again    

B. the students put down their hands

C. the students put their hands behind their backs again

D. the students put their hands in front of them

5. Why did the famous teacher use a ￥100 bill at his lesson?

A. Because he wanted to make the bill into a ball.

B. Because he used to drop a bill on the floor and stepped on it.

C. Because he was going to give the bill to one of his students.

D. Because he wanted to make the students know what value was.

在教学中，通过学生观察所学事物或教师语言的形象描述引导学生形成所学事物过程的清晰表象，丰富他们的感性认识，从而使他们能够正确理解书本知识和发展认识能力的是（）。

A.直观性原则

B.启发性原则

C.循序渐进原则

D.巩固性原则

离子的核内质子数与核外电子数是相等的。( )

何谓静态链接及装入时动态链接和运行时的动态链接？