试题与答案

阅读下列材料,回答下列问题。(23分) 材料一:鸦片战争后,通商口岸的洋布洋装逐

题型:综合题

题目:

阅读下列材料,回答下列问题。(23分)

材料一:鸦片战争后,通商口岸的洋布洋装逐渐进入城市居民生活。辛亥革命期间,青年学生率先剪掉象征清王朝的辫子,表示反对封建专制的决心,经过改制的中山装受到维新人士的欢迎。20世纪20、30年代,服饰有了更大变化。在服装变化中,穿洋装是一大时尚,这不能简单地归于崇洋的倾向。民主制的确立激励了人们对西方民主社会的向往,人们醉心自由平等,天赋 * * 的思想,认为由这种思想建立的生活方式代表社会的前进方向,洋装是文明的象征,受到人们的喜爱。社会实践的结果是,洋装在中国的流行,并未取代中国服装,而是促进了中国服装的改良。中山装的出现,就是中西合璧的产物。它以西服为模本,改大翻领为立领,四个贴口袋,五个扣。女性服装一改宽大直筒式的满装,依照西方的人体曲线美加以剪裁,演变成今日的旗袍。这都是沿用西式服装的审美和价值观念,结合中国传统的某些形制而创作的新服饰,可谓西体中用最成功之作。一些先进的思想家们把个人安排生活的自由视为个体自由不可分割的一部分,是神圣不可侵犯的个 * * 力。个性解放的呼声与商品经济的发展,刺激了人们的生活欲望,在穿着打扮上追新求异,西装革履,长袍马褂,真正开始了服装自由穿着的时代。

——选自《历史》必修2教师用书

材料二:新中国成立后,人民生活得到逐步改善。20世纪50年代人们根据中山装和列宁装的特点设计出“人民装”,大家都可以穿这种服装为时尚。被称为“老三套”的中山装、青年装和军装占据着服装界的主流。由此,我国服饰用色上的蓝、灰、黑局面也就形成了。20世纪60年代初,人们对服饰的要求是偏重坚实耐穿,在色彩的选择上也偏向耐脏耐洗的颜色,蓝、灰、黑三色在服饰上占有的地位更是巩固了。随着10年 * * 的深入展开,由于“破四旧”及“批判小资产阶级情调”,原有的服饰被大量删削废止,如连衣裙、高跟鞋、夹克衫、旗袍等就几乎没有人再穿用。在红卫兵运动影响下迅速升温的集草绿色军服军帽、宽皮带、毛 * * 像章、红色语录本、草绿色帆布挎包等于一身的典型的红卫兵装扮可谓盛极一时。这期间“老三色”(蓝、灰、黑)随处可见,所谓的“不爱红装爱武装”就是这时期服饰特点的写照。

—google搜索

材料三:《1968年内蒙古自治区布票》

——百度搜索

材料四:改革开放以来,随着经济的发展,服装也逐渐多样化,尤其是化纤工业发展以后,服装的花色、款式更加多样化。展示新颖款式的时装表演接连不断,各式时装目不暇接。现在年轻人的穿着,款式经常翻新,进而讲究艺术的效果。男的以西服和夹克衫为主,有的还打领带。女的式样更多。牛仔服是男女青少年爱穿的服装,最为流行。服装的面料、质地也发生了很大变化,从化纤到精纺的棉织品、丝绸、呢绒、皮货,都可随意购买。

——中国近现代史下册

(1)根据材料一,结合所学知识分析鸦片战争后人们衣着服装发生变化的原因?(4分)

(2)根据材料二、三概括人们衣着服装的特点?(4分)结合所学知识,简要分析呈现这些特点的原因。(10分)

(3)与材料二、三比较,材料四中人们的衣着服装为什么会发生根本性的变化?(3分)

(4)综合上述材料,你从中能够得到什么启示?(2分)

答案:

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