试题与答案

简述利益集团政治对西方国家政治的影响

题型:问答题 简答题

题目:

简述利益集团政治对西方国家政治的影响

答案:

参考答案:

利益集团对西方资本主义国家的内政外交都有着重大影响,无论是在福利政策、经济政策还是在军事工业方面,利益集团的活动余地都非常大。

(1)利益集团政治改变和丰富了西方传统政治决策的机制。利益集团在接近议会和行政机构的过程中,事实上在起着重要的工作人员的作用。利益集团为了自身的利益,常常要对某一问题进行深入而细致的研究。它们搜集情报,并从社会、经济、政治和法律等各个方面提出论点来支持或否定议会或行政部门的观点。

(2)利益集团政治扩展与深化了西方公民的政治参与。到了当代,普通公民的政治参与则已经扩展和深化了,普通公民通过利益集团及其院外活动的形式直接地参与公共政策的制定。

(3)利益集团政治成为一种新的权力制约机制。

在多元化的西方社会,利益因素驱使利益集团向政府施压,这种压力有时会改变政府或统治阶层的政治偏向,而使政治决策更理性。

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题型:阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Steven Park and his wife Susan were having financial (财政) problems. One day, they each decided,

without telling the other, to buy lotto ticket ( * * ). Before buying these tickets, they had never spent money

on the lotto. They both used numbers that were their anniversary (周年纪念) date and address. That night,

they were watching the news on TV, and the winning numbers were drawn. Soon after hearing the numbers,

they started jumping up and down. They were shocked (震惊) to find out that they each held a winning ticket!

The ticket won $450,000.

1. Why did the parks buy a lotto ticket?    

    _______________________________________     

2. What number did the Parks use?   

    _______________________________________             

3. Where did the Parks get the news that they won?

    _______________________________________

4. When did the Parks start jumping up and down? 

    _______________________________________ 

5. How much did the Parks win? 

    _______________________________________                  

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