试题与答案

在数据库系统中,“事务”是访问数据库并可能更新各种数据项的一个程序执行单元。为了保证

题型:单项选择题 共用题干题

题目:

在数据库系统中,“事务”是访问数据库并可能更新各种数据项的一个程序执行单元。为了保证数据完整性,要求数据库系统维护事务的原子性、一致性、隔离性和持久性。针对事务的这4种特性,考虑以下的架构设计场景:假设在某一个时刻只有一个活动的事务,为了保证事务的原予性,对于要执行写操作的数据项,数据库系统在磁盘上维护数据库的一个副本,所有的写操作都在数据库副本上执行,而保持原始数据库不变,如果在任一时刻操作不得不中止,系统仅需要删除副本,原数据库没有受到任何影响。这种设计策略称为(1)。事务的一致性要求在没有其他事务并发执行的情况下,事务的执行应该保证数据库的一致性。数据库系统通常采用(2)机制保证单个事务的一致性。事务的隔离性保证操作并发执行后的系统状态与这些操作以某种次序顺序执行(即可串行化执行)后的状态是等价的。两阶段锁协议是实现隔离性的常见方案,该协议(3)。持久性保证一旦事务完成,该事务对数据库所做的所有更新都是永久的,如果事务完成后系统出现故障,则需要通过恢复机制保证事务的持久性。假设在日志中记录所有对数据库的修改操作,将一个事务的所有写操作延迟到事务提交后才执行,则在日志中(4),当系统发生故障时,如果某个事务已经开始,但没有提交,则该事务应该(5)。

空白(2)处应选择()

A.逻辑正确性检查

B.物理正确性检查

C.完整性约束检查

D.唯一性检查

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

BC原子的发射光谱是原子跃迁时形成的,由于原子的能级是分立的,所以氢原子的发射光谱不是连续谱,原子发出的光子的能量正好等于原子跃迁时的能级差,故氢原子只能发出特定频率的光,综上所述,选项A、D错,B、C对.

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题型:阅读理解

Most of the flowers in nature are red, orange and yellow. If we have seen a black flower, it’s a chance in million. People have made a census ( 普查 ) to colors of more than four thousand kinds of flowers and discovered that only eight of them are black. As we know, sunlight is formed by seven different colored lights. The wave length of each light is different, so the quantity of heat in each light is also different. Flowers, especially their petals ( 花瓣 ) , are easy to be harmed by high temperature. Black flowers can take in all the light waves which cause the flowers to dry up in a high temperature. So black flowers can rarely survive sunlight. But red flowers, orange flowers and yellow flowers can protect themselves from sunlight by reflecting the red light, orange light and yellow light, each of which has a large quantity of heat.

小题1:It is _________ to see a black flower.

A.impossible

B.seldom

C.common

D.no chance小题2:The passage tells us that ________________.

A.black flowers are so weak that it is difficult for them to grow up.

B.there is only eight black flowers in nature.

C.sunlight is formed by seven different colored lights, so the wave length of each light is different.

D.black flowers can take in the light of all the wave lengths which make them dry up because of high temperature.小题3:Which of the following ideas is NOT true?

A.People have found that only a few kinds of flowers are black.

B.Flowers are easy to be harmed by very high temperature.

C.Red, orange and yellow flowers can also absorb the light of all wave lengths.

D.The black flowers cannot protect themselves from sunlight.

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