试题与答案

胃酸过多是常见的胃病。下面是甲、乙两种常见胃药的说明摘要。 甲:①白色结晶状粉末

题型:填空题

题目:

胃酸过多是常见的胃病。下面是甲、乙两种常见胃药的说明摘要。

甲:①白色结晶状粉末,受热可缓缓分解;

②能溶于水,水溶液呈弱碱性;灼烧时火焰为黄色;

③遇酸及酸性药物则产生二氧化碳;

④患者服用过量,可能引起胃胀气,甚至有引起胃溃疡穿孔的危险。

乙:①与胃酸是中和作用缓慢而持久,可维持3~4小时;

②凝胶本身覆盖于溃疡面上,具有保护作用;

③可溶于稀酸或氢氧化钠溶液中。

(1)请你推测,甲中含有的主要化学成份是____________(填化学式);乙中含有的主要化学成份是

____________(填化学式)。

(2)试写出甲中含有的主要化学成份引起胃胀气反应的离子方程式:____________________________。

(3)三硅酸镁Mg2Si3O8·nH2O也是常用胃药,被用来治疗胃溃疡,是因为该物质不溶于水,服用后中和胃酸作用持久。把三硅酸镁改写成氧化物形式为:_________________________。写出它中和胃酸(胃酸的主要成分是HCl)的化学方程式_______________________________。

(4)目前一种新型抗酸剂能迅速改善和缓解胃酸过多的症状,它主要由碳酸镁、氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝组成(说明:Mg(OH)2在高温下分解为MgO)。现按如下步骤测定药剂中三种主要成分的配比:

①取药剂样品,研磨后,加入50mL3.6 mol·L-1盐酸,正好完全反应并收集得到标准状况下224mL气体

②过滤,弃去其中不溶性物质(其余成分不参与反应)

③取②中滤液,加入足量的NaOH溶液后,过滤、洗涤、灼烧,所得固体2.4g。

则该药剂中三种主要成分的物质的量之比为n(MgCO3):n(Mg(OH)2):n(Al(OH)3)=_________。

答案:

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参考答案:A

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