试题与答案

“看见糖果分泌唾液”和“青梅入口分泌唾液”分别属于 A.条件反射、条件反射 B.

题型:选择题

题目:

“看见糖果分泌唾液”和“青梅入口分泌唾液”分别属于

A.条件反射、条件反射

B.条件反射、非条件反射

C.非条件反射、条件反射

D.非条件反射、非条件反射

答案:

答案:B

题目分析:简单反射与复杂反射的本质区别是否有大脑皮层的参与.没有大脑皮层参与的,神经中枢在大脑皮层以下的反射是简单反射,反射的神经中枢在大脑皮层上的反射是复杂反射.

非条件反射是指人生来就有的先天性反射.是一种比较低级的神经活动,由大脑皮层以下的神经中枢(如脑干、脊髓)参与即可完成.膝跳反射、眨眼反射、缩手反射、婴儿的吮

吸、排尿反射等都非条件反射.“青梅入口分泌唾液”,梅子是一种很酸的果实,一吃起来就让人口水直流.这种反射活动是人与生俱来、不学而能的,因此属于非条件反射. 条件反射是人出生以后在生活过程中逐渐形成的后天性反射,是在非条件反射的基础上,经过一定的过程,在大脑皮层参与下完成的,是一种高级的神经活动,是高级神经活动的基

本方式.“看见糖果分泌唾液”,是吃过糖果,知道糖果香甜好吃的基础上,当他看到糖果的时候,通过大脑皮层的参与,形成流口水的条件反射.

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题型:材料分析题

阅读下列材料,完成下列问题。  

材料一:人类认识地球形状过程漫画

材料二:2010年4月8日,欧洲航天局极地冰层探测卫星(CryoSat—2)由俄罗斯“第聂伯”运载火箭,从哈萨克斯坦境内的拜科努尔发射场成功升空,顺利进入预定轨道。CryoSat—2卫星是欧洲航天局“地球探测者”计划的一部分,该计划的主要目的是加深人们对地球系统运作以及人类活动影响地球自然演变过程的了解。

(1)请你根据漫画背景,为画中人物配上相符的语言,构成一个关于人类对地球形状的认识过程故事。  

A.在古代,人们活动范围狭小,往往凭直觉认识世界,他们心目中的天与地是什么样子呢?

古代人:___________________________________________。  

B.人们对大地的形状产生了极大的兴趣,带着种种猜想,很多人进行了探险,其中一个就是麦哲伦。

麦哲伦:___________________________________________。  

C.到了20 世纪,航天技术飞速发展,人类实现了进入太空的梦想。

宇航员:____________________________________________。  

D.今天,同学们不仅知道地球是一个球体,还可以精确的认识地球的形状。

同学们:______________________________________________。

(2)目前了解地球最科学的方法是利用________进行观测。

(3)由于地球是个球体,所以在海边有帆船从远方驶来,总是先看到[ ]

A.船身

B.船头

C.船尾

D.桅杆

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题型:阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Emily and Madison were having a great time on their field trip. After a morning at the science museum

they went to their favorite fast food place. Emily got her food first. When Madison sat down next to her,

Emily couldn't believe her eyes. Madison had two hamburgers, three containers of French fries, an apple

pie, a soda, and a shake on her tray.

     "Why do you have so much food?" Emily asked. "I'm so tired of being really skinny (极瘦的)," Madison

said,"so I've decided to eat lots of food and try to gain weight."

     Trying to gain weight by stuffing (塞, 填) yourself with extra calories like Madison did is a bad idea. It

can make you sick if you're naturally short or thin- so just listen to your appetite (胃口) and eat only as

much as your body tells you to. Once in a while, a health problem can keep a kid from gaining weight. The

kid usually goes to a specialist who can check things out, or to a registered dietitian (饮食学家) who has

lots of tips on how to eat well. But most of the time, thin kids don't need to see a doctor or go on a special

diet.

     Here's another surprise. Kids who are thin need to exercise. A lot of people use exercise to keep their

weight under control or to lose weight. But exercise serves many other purposes, too. Moving around helps

you develop important skills and helps your body get stronger. And unless a kid has gone through puberty

(青春期), weight-lifting won't build bigger muscles. It also could hurt bones, joints, and muscles.

     You want to help your body, not hurt it. Treat it right and you'll grow and develop just the way you

should.

1. The opening part of this passage about Emily and Madison is used to _____.

A. tell us that Emily was not pleased with Madison

B. introduce the topic of gaining weight

C. suggest that Emily and Madison often went to their field trip

D. tell us that Emily and Madison were close friends

2. If you are short and thin as you should you'd better _____.

A. eat as much as you want to every day

B. see a doctor as soon as possible

C. force yourself to eat more every day

D. eat as much as you can to gain weight

3. Which one of the following is TRUE according to this passage?

A. Only fat people need to exercise to lose weight.

B. Madison should have much food because she was thin.

C. Thin people also need to exercise.

D. You must be ill if you are too thin or too short.

4. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. The thinner You Are the More You Should Eat.

B. Emily and Madison - Two Close Friends.

C. The Thinner You Are the Better You Will Be.

D. What Should You Do if You Are Thin?

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