下列事例中，通过做功改变物体内能的是（ ） A．用力搓手时，手会发热 B．用液化

患者诊为肾综合征出血热，持续少尿6天，近3天无尿，并伴呼吸困难，咯血，心慌心悸，试问该患者应为肾综合征出血热临床分型中的哪一型

A．轻型

B．重型

C．普通型

D．危重型

E．非典型

呼吸衰竭时发生二氧化碳潴留的主要机制是由于（）

A.通气/血流比例失调

B.弥散障碍

C.肺组织通气不足

D.动静脉分流

E.无效腔通气

数据库文件中至少包含有______对象。

A．表
B．查询
C．窗体
D．其余三种

螺纹公称直径是螺纹大径的基本尺寸，即（）。

A.外螺纹牙顶直径或内螺纹牙底直径

B.外螺纹牙底直径或内螺纹牙顶直径

C.内、外螺纹牙顶直径

Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable.

Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any group’s most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individual’s own conscience operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and social welfare agencies. All these formal agents function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to those who make the rules and who, therefore, define unacceptable behavior.

Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaff’irms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are treated.

The perspective from which the author discusses social control is ().

A. biological

B. sociological

C. psychological

D. anthropological