历史：明智 A．新闻：广播 B．法律：约束 C．制度：学问 D．政策：援藏

人类的生存和发展，既受环境的影响，又受到环境的制约．______．

为纪念中华人民共和国成立60周年，中国人民银行于2009年9月16日发行建国60周年金银纪念币一套。均为中华人民共和国法定货币。该纪念币破例以纯金纯银铸造，更是体现了其作为建国60周年核心藏品的价值，尚未上市，就备受投资者追捧，在各大城市未卖先火，预定、咨询电话打爆。对此，下列说法正确的有

①该纪念币的本质是一般等价物②该纪念币具有贮藏手段的职能③中国人民银行有权统一发行货币④该纪念币是由国家发行的强制使用的货币符号

A．①②③

B．①②④

C．①③④

D．②③④

呆账发生后的处理原则包括()。

A.自动核销

B.随时上报

C.随时审核审批

D.及时转账

E.长期挂账

Should you stay at home to look after your child，or return to work?

Maybe you don’t have the option.Combining work and motherhood is an issue faced by increasing numbers of women every day.

New research for the Institute for Economic and Social Research could solve this quandary once and for all.In short，it concludes that going back to work after the birth of a child can have a negative impact on the child’s development—unless you have lots of money.

“Growing up in a family in which the mother chooses to work appears to have some adverse consequences for children’s welfare，” the research says.However，it adds that extra money brought in by both parents can reduce the negative effect.The negative effect is also less apparent in children of better­educated mothers.

The research by John Ermisch and Marco Francesconi is especially downbeat about welfare to work programmes，and especially，the prospects for the children of some single parents.

“It is hard to see anything but gloomy (阴暗的) prospects for the children of single parents (who are generally poor)，” the researchers said.This is because in a common family where both parents work，extra money brought in by the mother’s working would compensate for less time spent with the children.

In contrast，the researchers said the effects of paternal (父亲的) employment were far more modest，but this did not mean that fathers had no role in shaping their children’s welfare.Money brought in by the father would be a major resource for helping children develop.

The research says，however，that before parents get too carried away by worrying about working，there are more important issues facing a child’s development.Parents’ personalities and emotional stability，parenting practices，and the friends and networks that children experience while growing up will be much bigger factors than whether their mothers work.

小题1:The extra money brought in by both parents________.

A．plays different roles in shaping a child’s welfare

B．can reduce the negative effect on a child

C．has negative effect on a child’s development

D．may damage the life of children小题2:The researchers would agree that________.

A．mothers should keep a balance between work and family life

B．the more money mothers make，the worse their children will be

C．mothers should make as much money as they can

D．it would be better for mothers to be with children at home小题3:We can conclude from the passage that________.

A．it doesn’t matter how much money a father brings home

B．education is the only factor in shaping a child’s welfare

C．money made by mothers can also contribute to a child’s well­being

D．mothers’ income can have a deeper effect on a child’s development小题4:What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Whether mothers work is not worth considering.

B．The research shows family stability is important.

C．Parents should stop worrying about working.

D．More important factors are involved in a child’s development.

当研究对象数目较少，结局事件发生率比较低时，不能直接计算率，而是计算的是（）

A、累积发病率

B、SMR

C、OR

D、RR