一年中北半球人的影子最长的一天是（）A．6月22日 B．9月23日 C．12月22日

阅读下面的文字，完成l～3题。

　　学术界一般认为，明代成化弘治以后社会发生了重大变化，主要表现在社会习尚的巨大改变，尤以嘉靖至万历年间最为明显，这一社会变化带有全国普遍性，以江浙地区最为突出。明代中后期的社会变迁，其基本动力来源于商品经济的空前繁荣，江南地区土地得到进一步开发，经济作物种植面积扩大；以丝织业为核心的手工业迅速发展，出口增加；大量海外的白银流入内地，货币的增加极大刺激了消费，导致生活方式发生了很大变化，追求高消费成为时尚，文献中记载的奢靡风俗正是这种社会变化的反映。嘉靖万历时的《余姚县志》以及《余姚江南徐氏宗谱》生动而细致地记载了绍兴府余姚地区的这一风俗变化，使我们看到了社会变化对于社会生活方式以及人们观念的影响。

　　由于生活消费水平的提高，人们进一步依赖市场，物质欲望迅速增长，嘉靖时徐天泽将风俗的变化归结为人们的“物欲”。在讲求“义”的伦理政治下，“物欲”表现出的“利”对于社会的冲击无疑是巨大的。高消费首先冲击了现有的身份等级秩序。服饰不能反映身份，女性方面“求乞之妇、贱艺之妻、奴婢离主而居，媪妪秽行而淫者”与士大夫妻女头饰相同；“星卜商贾、俗子村夫、艺流博徒辈”无不戴巾，而且“无论上下贵贱，悉皆有号”，与士大夫浑然无别。时人的心态令人担忧，“且有无一缗之产，而制服数缗之衣”，人们不再安分守己，以满足欲望为追求。这样的社会图景，迥异古昔。

　　明代社会结构发生重要变化还表现在士大夫数量的激增。科举制度下的士大夫，至明中叶数量庞大，江浙又是科举制最为发达的地区，余姚江南徐氏在明代由于科举人才辈出，而引人注目。士大夫阶层的壮大，使其成为社会的重要力量，发挥着主导作用。士大夫一方面享受着经济增长带来的富裕生活，是奢华风俗的推波助澜者；另一方面他们所受的教育和官府的要求又促使他们成为原有社会秩序的维护者。地方志是从批判的角度记载奢靡风俗的，编纂者号召人们移风易俗，反映了地方官的意志以及地方绅士的主张。

　　最值得注意的是士大夫通过宗族建设来移风易俗，维护社会秩序。明代嘉靖、隆庆、万历时期宗族组织迅速普及有着多方面的原因，其中与士大夫组织宗族进行制度建设，移风易俗，以维护社会秩序有密切关系。士大夫响应国家推行乡约的号召，使宗族乡约化，进而组织化。所以风俗的重大变化与宗族组织的普及同时出现并不是偶然的，都是社会变迁的产物。而理解明代中后期的社会变迁，离不开对于士大夫动向与特性的把握。

1．下列表述不符合原文意思的一项是（     ）

A．明代嘉靖至万历年间，中国社会在风俗习尚方面发生了重大变化，其中江浙地区的变化最为明显。

B．商品经济空前繁荣，农业、手工业迅猛发展，贸易往来愈加频繁，物质资料极大丰富，这些因素促使明代中后期社会生活方式产生了很大变化。

C．随着经济的发展，明代中后期追求高消费成为社会普遍现象，民众强烈的物质欲望对社会产生了巨大的冲击作用。

D．《余姚县志》《余姚江南徐氏宗谱》记载了明代绍兴府余姚地区在嘉靖、万历年间的风俗变化，也表现了这一变化对当地百姓生活观念的影响。

2．下列理解符合原文意思的一项是（     ）

A．随着科举制度的不断发展，明代士大夫的数量急剧增加，士大夫阶层成为社会的重要力量，使明代原有的社会结构发生了重要变化。

B．士大夫阶层在明代中后期起到了特殊的社会作用：他们对物质的追求助长了社会的奢靡风气，他们的学识和身份又促使他们极力维护原有的社会秩序。

C．明代中后期士大夫阶层自觉加强宗族建设，通过宗族乡约化、组织化，达到移风易俗、维护社会秩序的目的。

D．士大夫阶层既引领当时的社会新风尚又通过宗族建设维护社会秩序，都与当时社会的变迁紧密联系。 3．下列理解和分析符合原文内容的一项是（     ）

A．明代中后期，服饰不再像前代社会那样作为身份、等级的代表，“求乞之妇”与士大夫家庭的女子可以戴同样的装饰品，俗子村夫也在装扮上与士大夫没有多大区别。

B．明代中后期的一些地方志通过对当时奢靡风俗的批判来号召民众改变不良的社会风俗，反映了地方官员的意愿。

C．明代中后期社会风俗的重大变化和宗族组织的建设普及相伴相生，都是社会生产力提高和商品经济发展的必然结果。

D．士大夫阶层在明代社会扮演了重要角色，研究士大夫的动向、特性是研究明代社会发展变迁的必由之路。

开发区总体布局及区内功能分区的合理性分析包括（）。

A.分析开发区规划确定的区内各功能组团的性质

B.分析开发区规划确定的区内各功能组团与相邻功能组团的边界和联系

C.根据开发区选址合理性分析确定的基本要素，分析开发区内各功能组团的发展目标和各组团间的优势与限制因子

D.分析各组团间的功能配合以及现有的基础设施及周边组团设施对该组团功能的支持

E.合理性分析可采用列表的方式说明开发区规划发展目标和各功能组团间的相容性

《房地产开发企业资质管理规定》规定，房地产开发主管部门应当在收到备案申请后（）日内向符合条件的新设立的房地产开发企业核发有关资质证书。

A.30

B.45

C.60

D.90

阅读理解

                                                                   A Divine Plan

     At a fundraising dinner for a school that serves learningdisabled children, the father of one student

delivered a speech that would never be forgotten by those who attended. He began with a question.

"Everything God does is done with perfection. Yet, my son, Shay, cannot learn and understand things as

other children do. Where is God's plan reflected in my son?"

     The audience was stilled by the question. The father continued,"I believe that when God brings a child

like Shay into the world, an opportunity to realize the Divine Plan presents itself. And it comes in the way

people treat that child."

     Then he told the following story:

     Shay and I walked past a park where some boys Shay knew were playing baseball. Shay asked,"Do

you think they will let me play?"

     I knew that most boys would not want him on their team. Shay didn't even know how to hold the bat

properly, much less connect with the ball. So I approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play. The boy looked around for guidance from his teammates. Getting none, he took matters into

his own hands and said, "We are losing by six runs(得分). The game is in the eighth inning(回合). He can be on our team and we will try to put him up to bat in the ninth inning."

     In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay's team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. At the

top of the ninth inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the outfield.

     In the bottom of the ninth inning, Shay's team scored again. They had the potential to win. Would the

team actually let Shay bat at this juncture and give away their chance to win the game?

     Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat.  At last, understanding what the boy's intentions had been, the

boys from both teams helped Shay win the game for the team and Shay was cheered as the hero.

      "That day," said the father softly with tears now rolling down his face,"the boys from both teams helped bring a piece of the Divine Plan into this world."

1. Why did the father think most of the boys wouldn't let Shay join them?

A. Because it was a very important game and they couldn't  afford to lose it.

B. Because they knew Shay was physically disabled.

C. Because they didn't get on well with Shay.

D. Because they knew Shay was anything but good at playing baseball.

2. The sentence "Although no hits came his way, he was obviously very happy just to be on the field."

should be put at the end of ________.

A. Paragraph 5              

B. Paragraph 6

C. Paragraph 8              

D. Paragraph 9

3. What can we infer from the passage?  

A. Shay's team would have lost the game without him.

B. The opponent team let Shay score purposely.

C. It was quite by accident that Shay scored.

D. Shay's team let him play because they didn't take the game seriously

4. The underlined word "juncture" can be explained by ________. 

A. a critical point        

B. a particular place

C. a dilemma                

D. an important game

请你详细地解释一下IP协议的定义，在哪个层上面？主要有什么作用？TCP与UDP呢？