某系统中进程有如图2-16所示的状态变化： 请回答下列问题： 该系统采用了怎样的

单位工程不具备的特征是( )。

A．具有独立设计文件

B．能单独组织施工

C．能单独发挥生产能力或效益

D．一般不能单独组织竣工验收

阅读理解。

     阅读下列材料, 从所给的六个选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中，选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项。

选项中有一项是多余选项。

     The people below are all looking for a course on Chinese to study. Read the following information about

the six courses. Decide which course would be the most suitable for the people mentioned in questions 1-5.

One of the letters may not be chosen. 

1. Mathew majors in media and hopes to understand Chinese broadcasting and TV News and

   communicate with the Chinese people. 

2. Sarah is a Learner of Chinese with a fairly good knowledge of basic Chinese grammar and a vocabulary

   of 2500, hoping to improve her Chinese ability in speaking, reading and writing. 

3. Lois majors in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language and hopes to improve her ability in translation. 

4. Dennis once has taught himself Chinese and can speak a little Chinese but with poor pronunciation and 

   grammar, hoping to meet the needs of everyday life and study, and understand each other in basic 

   communication through training. 

5. Georgia specializes in the Chinese language and culture at the average. He plans to have a tour in China.

A. Comprehensive language skill training 100 lessons in total focusing on pronunciation, grammar and

    discourse (语段). To enable the learner to master the basic knowledge of the Chinese language, to

    have the basic ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing, so that they are able to communicate

    with others and to meet the needs of everyday life, study and sociality. This will lay a foundation for

    further study of Chinese.

B. Intermediate (中等) Chinese Comprehensive Course 40 lessons in all, focusing on the training of the

    comprehensive skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing of intermediate Chinese. To enable the

    students to recognize, understand and use the active and less active words, to improve their ability of

    expressing themselves in paragraphs and discourse, to master the new words, patterns, grammatical

    structures, paragraphs and discourse and means of connections so as to express the meaning of the

    texts correctly and fluently in paragraphs and discourse.

C. News Listening Based on frequently used words, typical sentences and information and concentrating 

    on improving the ability of listening comprehension. To improve the ability of collecting information, to

   grasp the knowledge and skills they have learned and to understand the broadcasting and TV news of

   similar themes and relevant level of difficulty with the correctness of 80%. To build up the foundation

   for further study.

D. Elementary English-Chinese Translation 25 classes in total, including various styles such as poems, popular

    science, political comments and news, about every aspect of everyday life. The texts vary from easy to

    difficult and combine theory with practice as well as translation and interpretation. About 185 hours are

    needed. To familiarize the learner with the equivalent (对应的) Chinese expressions of English. To enable

    them to know usage of Chinese and English words and sentences, cultural differences and the background

    knowledge.

E. Elementary Spoken Chinese in Business 24 units in all. Chinese words and expressions in business and trade

    are introduced in the form of vivid situational dialogues, notes and exercises. To enable the learner to master

    the words and expressions of elementary spoken business Chinese and to communicate with others in trade

    and business.

F. Chinese Human Geography Introduction to geographic environment and cultural phenomena in various parts

    of China, such as natural features, historical backgrounds, religious sites, ancient battle fields, dramas and

    arts, traditional products, and special food, etc. Through the introduction to historical and cultural sites and

     scenery, the learner will have a general view about Chinese geography, history, culture and regional features.

蛋白质的营养价值主要决定于氨基酸酸的组成和比例。

乔布斯和苹果公司最难能可贵的是：不但颠覆行业，而且颠覆自己。他颠覆了自己以往的产品和业绩，比如iPhone的推出就直接影响了iPod的市场潜力。他唯一的目标就是对改变世界的极致追求。乔布斯和苹果公司成功的哲学启示有（）。

①创新就是要敢于突破规律，超越现实

②要敢于否定，树立革命批判精神和创新意识

③没有否定就没有发展

④追求真理是一个永无止境的过程

A.①②

B.②③

C.③④

D.②④

灰水添加絮凝剂的作用是什么？