试题与答案

阅读下面的材料,按要求回答问题。(4分) 霾,也称灰霾(烟霞),是指原因不明的因

题型:口语交际,情景问答题

题目:

阅读下面的材料,按要求回答问题。(4分)

霾,也称灰霾(烟霞),是指原因不明的因大量烟、尘等微粒悬浮而形成的浑浊现象。灰霾的组成成分非常复杂,包括数百种大气颗粒物。其中有害人类健康的主要是直径小于10微米的气溶胶粒子,如矿物颗粒物、海盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机气溶胶粒子等,它能直接进入并粘附在人体上下呼吸道和肺叶中。由于灰霾中的大气气溶胶大部分均可被人体呼吸道吸入,尤其是亚微米粒子会分别沉积于上、下呼吸道和肺泡中,引起鼻炎、支气管炎等病症,长期处于这种环境还会诱发肺癌。灰霾的厚度比较厚,可达1-3公里左右,灰霾天气导致近地层紫外线的减弱,易使空气中的传染性病菌的活性增强,传染病增多。

小题1:“霾”的有哪些特征是__________________________________________________(2分)

小题2:“霾”的危害是_______________________________________________________(2分)

答案:

小题1:主要特征:(1)是一种浑浊现象;(2)组成成分复杂,主要是直径小于10微米的气溶性粒子;(3)厚度比较厚;(答对两点就满分)。(2分)

小题2:危害:(1)危害人类健康,引起鼻炎、支气管炎甚至肺癌;(2)导致紫外线减弱,传染病增多。(意思相近就得满分,2分)

题目分析:“主要特征”主要在语段的前半部分提取,如是一种浑浊现象、组成成分复杂等。“危害”主要在语段的后半部分提取,有关键语句,如“引起鼻炎、支气管炎等病症,长期处于这种环境还会诱发肺癌”“导致近地层紫外线的减弱,易使空气中的传染性病菌的活性增强,传染病增多”等。

点评:理解语段内容时,要整体感知语段传达出的信息,抓住语段中的关键语句,结合题干要求,用自己的话概括或提取出切题的答案。

试题推荐
题型:阅读理解

Depression (抑郁症) is a serious problem today.Depression causes workers to be unproductive,causing companies and countries to lose billions of dollars.One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is “widespread,costly and deadly”.Depression hits one person in five around the world.

Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated,studies show that depression is a problem among everyone.Over any six­month period,between five to seven percent of the world’s population will be suffering from a serious depression.Suicide rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme,or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the population at large,and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks.People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping,getting up on time,and doing work productively.

Depression,which researchers agree has its origin in the genes,brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate—making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently.

Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese’s inability to face it.Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy.Besides,there is no good treatment,with few specialists available.“Most patients in China just don’t get help,”a Chinese doctor says.“In my hospital,I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning,just have time to say ‘Hello,how do you feel?’”

In Western countries,people are not afraid to admit that they have depression,but most do not tell it to their boss,because they fear that they will be stricken_off_the_rolls.“In my experience,aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it.Because they feel the most secure about themselves,” an American doctor says.

Hopefully,in the near future,people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.

小题1:Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A.It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression.

B.Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work.

C.Depression is a commonly­existing problem only in rich countries.

D.The poorer and the less educated a person is,the less he will suffer from depression.小题2:.Compared to normal people,the depressed people are likely to be________.

A.very unconfident and often absent­minded

B.easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks

C.working efficiently and productively

D.either weak or lazy小题3:Depression becomes more serious in China because of________.

A.the understanding of the problem

B.the lack of treatment and doctors

C.their unwillingness to tell it to their boss

D.the doctors’ careless work小题4:What can we infer from the passage?

A.People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists.

B.The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed.

C.More and more patients will turn to specialists for help.

D.Western people are braver than Chinese people.小题5:What does the underlined words in the 5th paragraph mean?

A.Hired.

B.Dismissed.

C.Promoted. 

D.Recommended.

查看答案
微信公众账号搜索答案