古人云：“知之者不如乐之者，乐之者不如好之者。”这句话提示教师在教学过程中应重视（

阅读下面文字，完成问题。

　　随着经济的发展，科学技术的进步，人们的物质、文化生活水平的不断提高，塑料制品的用量与日俱增。塑料制品的广泛使用，确实给人们带来了不少方便，但也带来了诸多的社会问题。人们把它形象地称为“白色污染”。

　　主要由于人们对废旧塑料造成的环境污染缺乏足够的认识，环境保护意识薄弱，加上塑料制品多属于一次性使用，用后即扔，塑料垃圾充斥于各种场所，在公园、车站、影院、风景名胜区和铁路沿线随风飘扬，塑料袋、塑料薄膜、农用地膜、快餐盒、饮料瓶、包装填充物等，飘挂在树上，散落在路边、草地、街头、水面、农田及住宅周围，给人们的视觉带来不良的刺激，影响城市和风景点的整体美感。其中，污染最明显、最令人头痛的，是那些遍布城市街头的废塑料包装袋，一次性塑料快餐餐具。据有关部门统计，仅一次性塑料泡沫快餐餐具，我国全年消耗达4亿至7亿个。尤其是铁路行业，由于管理不善，旅客随便把用过的塑料快餐餐具抛之窗外，甚至列车服务员亦将垃圾弃之车外，造成铁路干线两旁的树木枝条飘挂成串。全国铁路每天废弃的塑料快餐餐具高达150万只，从空中鸟瞰，铁路两旁已经形成两条白色污染带，群众感触很深，反应特别强烈。

　　而且聚乙烯等塑料原料是人工合成的高分子化合物，分子结构非常稳定，很难被自然界的光和热降解，并且自然界几乎没有能够消化塑料的细菌和酶，难以对其生物降解，所以潜在的危害更大。当废旧塑料作为生活垃圾进入垃圾场被填埋或散落在田野进入土壤后，混在土壤中会影响土壤内的物质、热量的传递和微生物的生长，改变土壤的特性。由于塑料品生产时加入的添加剂是有毒的，当塑料垃圾存放日久，有毒添加剂就会释放，污染大气和水资源。而废弃在地面或水上的废旧塑料，容易被鱼、马、牛、羊等动物当着食物吞入，塑料在动物的肠胃里消化不了，会导致动物肠胃机体损伤和死亡，这种“白色污染”在动物园、牧区、农村和海洋屡见不鲜。

　　一些西方发达国家已经研制成功以植物淀粉为主要原料的可降解塑料，大大缩短了其降解周期。我国的新型塑料的研制也取得了重大进展，纸质、淀粉、易降解塑料等新型快餐餐具已在一些铁路列车上使用，从而缓解了铁路沿线的“白色污染”程度。

　　不过，要解决“白色污染”的问题，一定要提高人们的环保意识，培养人们良好的生活习惯和方式，否则，治理“白色污染”不是一个轻松的话题。

 1．下列对“白色污染”这一概念的理解，准确的一项是（    ）

A．指人们随意抛弃在自然界中的废旧塑料，破坏环境美感，影响农业生产，危害人体健康，危及动物安全的污染现象。

B．指废旧塑料充斥于各种场所，在公园、车站、影院、风景名胜区和公路、铁路沿线随风飘扬，影响城市和风景点的整体美感的污染现象。

C．指铁路行业由于管理不善，随意将用过的塑料餐具抛之车外，在铁路两旁已经形成两条白色污染带的群众反应特别强烈的污染现象。

D．指废旧塑料作为生活垃圾进入土壤中后，影响土壤内的物质、热量的传递和微生物的生长，改变土壤特性的污染现象。

2．对造成“白色污染”的原因，下列表述不正确的一项是（    ）

A．塑料制品多属于一次性使用品，用后即扔，充斥于各种场所。

B． 经济的发展，科学技术的进步，人们的物质、文化生活水平的不断提高，塑料制品的用量与日俱增。

C．人们对废旧塑料造成的环境污染缺乏足够的认识，环境保护意识薄弱。

D．废旧塑料很难被自然界的光和热降解并且难以对其生物降解。

3．根据原文提供的信息，以下关于治理“白色污染”的推断不正确的一项是（    ）

A．易降解的塑料制品因成本偏高影响了在治理“白色污染”中的全面推广。

B．加强对塑料垃圾的再生利用，变废为宝是治理“白色污染”的重要方法。

C．治理“白色污染”必须加强和完善环保立法，减少塑料垃圾的产量。

D．一些西方发达国家依靠科技进步，大力发展可降解塑料，大大缩短了其降解周期，解决了“白色污染”的问题。

进行理论教学培训时，除依据教材外应结合本职业介绍一些“四新应用的方面的内容。

There were red faces at one of Britain’s biggest banks recently. They had accepted a telephone order to buy ￡100,000 worth of shares from a 15-year-old schoolboy (they thought he was 21). The shares fell in value and the schoolboy was unable to pay up. The bank lost ￡20,000 on the deal which it cannot get back, because, for one thing, the young boy does not have the money, for another, being under 18, he is not legally liable for his debts. If the shares had risen in value by the same amount that they fell, he would have pocketed ￡20,000 profit. It certainly is better than delivering the morning newspaper. In another case, a boy of 14 found, in his grandmother’s house, a suitcase full of foreign banknotes. But they were now not used in their country of origin or anywhere else. This young boy headed straight to the nearest bank with his pockets filled with notes. The cashiers did not realize the country in question had reduced the value of its currency by 90%. They exchanged the notes at their face value at the current exchange rate. In three days, before he was found out, he took ￡200,000 from nine different banks. Amazingly, he had already spent more than half of this before the police caught up with him. Because he is also under 18 the banks have kissed goodbye to a lot of money, and several cashiers have lost their jobs.

Should we admire these youngsters for being enterprising and showing initiative or condemn them for their dishonesty? Maybe they had managed for years with tiny amounts of pocket money that they got from tight-fisted parents. Maybe they had done Saturday jobs for peanuts. It is hardly surprising, given the expensive things that young people want to buy, such as fashionable running shoes and computer games, if they sometimes think up more imaginative ways of making money than delivering newspapers. These youngsters saw the chance to make a lot of money and took it.

Another recent story which should give us food for thought is the case of the man who paid his six-year-old daughter￡300 a week pocket money. He then charged her for the food she ate a few coins for her piggy bank（存钱灌）“She will soon learn the value of money, ” he said. “There’s no such thing as a free lunch. Everything has to be paid for and the sooner she learns that the better.” At the other extreme there are fond parents who provide free bed and board for their grown-up children, While even the most hard-hearted parents might hesitate to throw their children out on the streets, we all know of people in their twenties who still shamelessly live off their parents. Surely there comes a time when everyone has to leave the parental nest, look after themselves and pay their own way in life. But when is it?

小题1:.

Recently one of Britain’s biggest banks _____.

A．bought a lot of shares for a customer and brought him a great loss

B．lost money as its young customer had no money to pay his debts

C．lost much money because the shares they bought fell in value

D．received a telephone order to buy shares for a 21-year-old boy小题2:.

. The author’s attitude to the example of the two boys who cheated the banks is _____.

A．objective

B．subjective

C．questioning

D．negative小题3:.

The man paid his daughter ￡300 a week pocket money and then required her to pay for her living expenses because _____.

A．he wanted her to know making money was not easy

B．he wanted to save money for her future education

C．he thought it useful for family members to bear life hardships together

D．he wanted her to learn the value of money小题4:.

It can be concluded from the passage that the author believes that _____.

A．children should leave the parental nest as soon as possible

B．grown-up children should live on their own

C．children should be taught not to cheat others

D．parents should give more pocket money to their children

《本草纲目拾遗》一书中引用的书目有（）

A.《采药志》

B.《百草镜》

C.《草药书》

D.《李氏草秘》

E.《天宝本草》

在跑道中心线上，LOC.发射信号的90Hz和150Hz调制音频：（）.

A.90Hz幅度大于150Hz幅度

B.幅度差为零

C.90Hz幅度大于150Hz幅度

D.90Hz幅度小于150Hz幅度