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To date, the bulk of the public debate abo

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题目:

To date, the bulk of the public debate about copyright and new technology has focused on an issue that I consider to be secondary, the issue of how new technology alters the balance of power between consumers and a relatively narrow group of producers, primarily the producers of certain types of music and film. By focusing so narrowly on that issue, and framing that issue as being about "kids’ stealing music," we run the risk of overlooking how bad copyright laws are increasingly affecting a much more important group of cultural producers.
I am the founder of Wikipedia, a charitable effort to organize thousands of volunteers to write a high-quality encyclopedia in every language of the world. We the Wikipedians have achieved remarkable success in our five-year history, and we’ve done it as volunteers freely sharing our knowledge. And yet, strangely enough, in addition to researching facts on hundreds of thousands of topics, we are forced to become copyright experts, because so much of our cultural heritage is being threatened by absurd limits on fair use of information in the public domain. I get two to three threatening lawyergrams each week; one I just received from a famous London museum begins, typically. "We notice you have a number of images on your website which are of portraits in the collection of [our museum] ... Unauthorized reproduction of such content may be an infringement ... "
I now respond with a two-part letter. First, I patiently and tediously explain that museums do not and cannot own the copyrights to paintings that have been in the public domain for hundreds of years. And then I simply say: "You should be ashamed of yourselves." Museums exist to educate the public about our shared cultural heritage. The abuse of copyright to corner that heritage is a moral crime.
The excuse normally given, that producing digital reproductions is costly and time-consuming, and museums need to be able to recoup that cost, is entirely bogus. Just give us permission, and Wikipedians will go to any museum in the world immediately to make high-quality digital images of any artwork. The solution to preserving our heritage and communicating it in a digital form is not to lock it up, but to get out of our way.
This issue, public-domain artworks, is about an abuse of existing law. But the law itself is also a problem. Copyrights have been repeatedly extended to absurd lengths for all kinds of works, whether the author aims to protect them or not. Even works that have no economic value are locked away under copyright, preventing Wikipedians from rewriting and updating them.
Every school system in the world faces the problem of expensive texts. Wikipedia shows a way to a solution, and we have founded a supporting project called Wikibooks to implement that solution. Here, thousands of volunteers are working to write textbooks. If we still lived in an era of reasonable copyright lengths (14 to 28 years, with registration), it would be no problem for us to seek out works of lapsed copyright, abandoned by their owners, and update them quickly. We could cut the costs of textbooks in schools radically, not just in the United States and other wealthy countries, but in the developing world as well.
And finally, the example set by Wikipedia and Wikibooks is beginning to spread, in an explosion of creativity. Another of my projects, the for-profit Wikicities, allows communities to form and build knowledge bases or other works on any topic of interest. Again, thousands of people are working to write the definitive guides to humor, films, books, etc., and they are doing this work voluntarily and placing it all under free licenses as a gift to the world. And, of course, here we have again all the same problems of abusive application of copyright law as at Wikipedia and Wikibooks. We obey the law; we are not about civil disobedience. We want only to be good, to do good and to share knowledge in a million different ways.
We have the people to do it. We have the technology to do it. And we will do it, bad law or no. But good law, law that recognizes a new paradigm of collaborative creativity, will make our job a lot easier. Copyright reform is not about kids’ stealing music. It is about recognizing the astounding possibilities inherent in the honest and intelligent use of new technologies.

Explain the statement "the abuse of copyright to corner that heritage is a moral crime. " (para. 3)

答案:

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参考答案:对

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阅读《人生如月》,完成1——5题。

  ①天上的月是我们最熟悉不过的了。最初的时候,它淡淡的,细细的,像是谁用橘黄的彩笔在湛蓝的天幕上轻轻画了一道,称这时的月为“牙”,真是形象得很。渐渐地,它大起来了,亮起来了,在天空驻足的时间长起来了。这时的月便是一把镰刀、一只小船了。到了阴历的十五,这月便圆圆的,大大的,亮亮的,似一只玉盘、一面明镜了。再后来,月由盈而亏,由亏而残如一块土豆、一块顽石了。由纤弱而圆满,由圆满而亏残,天上的月却是如此周而复始,循环不已,岁岁如斯。人生虽不尽是这般规律,但盈亏明暗却是如影相随,避不开,躲不开,无法拒绝的。

  ②有时候,人逢吉时好运一帆风顺,谋官则升迁,想钱便发财,真是心想事成万般如意,原来平淡人生这时真如望月中天,亮丽圆满了。此时,升官的不免满面春风,发财的不免财大气粗,即使评个职称、当个先进或晋一级工资也会沾沾自喜,觉得优人一等。然而,花开自有花谢时,月圆必有月缺日,且常常是花开之后便是谢,月圆之后即为缺。但人多鼠目寸光,有眼不识事物消长之理,得意便忘形,露出一副小人面目。人若能处顺境作逆境之思,方不失为人本色,保持一颗平常心。为官者不必因权柄在手而颐指气使、八面威风,有钱人不必因腰缠万贯而妄自尊大、暴殄天物。如此立身处世待人接物,便无骄横之气、霸道之态,不至于蜕变为隐形之盗贼,衣冠之禽兽,于人于己于社会皆有大益。

  ③有时候,人遭恶时厄运,常是坏事连连,处处不顺,原本光明的人生忽然黯淡下来,如月牙一现,如云遮残月。身处逆境之中,或心灰意冷、悲观厌世,或甘于沉沦、自暴自弃,或忧心如焚、白发搔短,或牢骚满腹、怨无天佑。其实,人若于月亏之日想到月圆之时,识得世事易变之理,即可于逆境之中志不衰、气不馁、态不失,达观以处世,宽心以养身,“管风吹浪打,胜似闲庭信步”。如此面对困厄,必不会怨天尤人蹉跎岁月,必不会奴颜婢膝玷污人格,必不会见利忘义为虎作伥。

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摘录:_________________________________________

理由:_________________________________________

3、阅读第②段或第③段,依据该段所谈观点举一个典型事例作为论据。

__________________________________________________________________

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“_________________,_________________”。当年,在民族危亡、国难当头之际,两岸人民团结抗战,共御外侮,谱写了民族解放、国土光复的历史篇章;今天,海峡两岸的骨肉同胞依然是明月共赏,休戚与共。

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5、有人说,人生是一幅画,一百个人看它就有一百种感受。

请写一段话,表达出你对人生的感悟。

我说,人生如____________________,_________________________。

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