阅读理解。 Should parents ever hit their chi

题目：

阅读理解。

     Should parents ever hit their children?

     Research suggests many of us are likely to respond"no", and public support for spanking (打屁股) has been

falling over the years. But surveys also show that 75 percent to nearly 90 percent of parents admit to spanking

their child at least once.

     I was raised in a zero-tolerance home for disrespect, and my parents often turned to physical punishment.

And, no, I don't feel I was damaged by it.

    Nothing is more annoying than watching ill-mannered behavior from children.

     But there is data to suggest that a return to old-school spanking isn't the answer.

     Two years ago, Newsweek reported that it had found data suggesting that teens whose parents used

physical punishment were more likely to become aggressive.

     Murray Straus, professor at the University of New Hampshire in America, has studied the topic of children

and spanking for decades. He said that children who were physically punished have lower IQs than their peers.

It may be that children with lower IQs were more likely to get spanked, but the punishment may have been

counterproductive (反作用的) to their mental development, as well.

     Some researchers make the argument that occasional open-handed smacks (用巴掌打) on the bottom are

not only harmless but can have some benefit.

     Last year, Marjorie Gunnoe, a psychologist at Calvin College, studied teens who have never been spanked.

There are a greater number of children growing up without ever having been physically punished. Gunnoe's

research suggests they don't turn out any better than those who were sometimes spanked. 

     There are some parents who simply cannot control their tempers (脾气). But I still believe that the best

parents are the ones who are able to offer fair and firm discipline without ever turning to physical punishment.

1. According to the first three paragraphs, the author was probably hit by her parents when _____.

A. they were dissatisfied with her grade

B. she showed no respect for the elder

C. they cannot control their temper

D. their discipline turns out to be not strict enough

2. According to Murray Straus, children who are physically punished _____.

A. are less aggressive toward others when they get older

B. have slower physical development

C. benefit from occasional spanking

D. may develop lower IQs than their peers

3. The author seems to agree that ______.

A. parents should determine whether a child needs to be smacked or not

B. children who have been spanked tend to behave better than those who haven't

C. good parents discipline their children in a fair and reasonable way

D. physical punishment should be the last resort (手段) of any parent