试题与答案

下列植被应严格保护的是①用材林②薪炭林③水源涵养林④水土保持林 [ ] A、①③

题型:选择题

题目:

下列植被应严格保护的是①用材林②薪炭林③水源涵养林④水土保持林 [ ]

A、①③

B、②③

C、③④

D、①②

答案:

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题型:单项选择题


Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by ,5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Passage One

In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. A good example of this is found in the kinetic (运动的) molecular theory, in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion.
A useful theory, in addition to explaining past observations, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientists’ predictions, the theory is supported. If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected.
Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves are not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said: "Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science anymore than a pile of bricks can be called a house. "
Most scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered, the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem are formulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses. In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown. It extends the scientist’s thinking beyond the known facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs calculations, and makes observations to test hypotheses. For without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and direction. When hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated into theories.

According to the second paragraph, a useful theory is one that helps scientists to ______.

A.observe events

B.find errors in past experiments

C.make predictions

D.publicize new findings

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题型:阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成无题。

收字纸的老人

汪曾祺

中国人对于字有一种特殊的崇拜心理,认为字是神圣的。有字的纸是不能随便抛掷的。亵渎了字纸,会遭到天谴。因此,家家都有一个字纸篓。这是一个小、宽肩的篓子,竹蔑为胎,外糊白纸,正面竖贴着一条二寸来宽的红纸,写着四个正楷的黑字:“敬惜字纸”。字纸篓都挂在一个尊贵的地方,一般都在堂屋里家神菩萨的神案的一侧。 隔十天半月,字纸篓快满了,就由收字纸的收去。这个收字纸的姓白,大人小孩都叫他老白。他上岁数了,身体却很好。满腮的白胡子茬,衬得他的脸色异常红润。眼不花,耳不聋。走起路来,腿脚还很轻快。他背着一个大竹筐,推门走进相熟的人家,到堂屋里把字纸倒在竹筐里,转身就走,并不惊动主人。有时遇见主人正在堂屋里,也说说话,问问老太爷的病好些了没有,小少爷快该上学了吧……

他把这些字纸背到文昌阁去,烧掉。

文昌阁的地点很偏僻,在东郊,一条小河的旁边,一座比较大的灰黑色的四合院。正面三间朝北的平房,砖墙瓦顶,北墙上挂了一幅大立轴,上书“文昌帝君之神位”。这文昌帝君不知算是什么神,只知道他原先也是人,读书人,曾经连续做过十七世士大夫,不知道怎么又变成了“帝君”。他是司文运的。更具体地说,是掌握读书人的功名的。谁该有什么功名,都由他决定。因此,读书人对他很崇敬。过去,每逢初一、十五,总有一些秀才或候补秀才到阁里来磕头。要是得了较高的功名,中了举,中了进士,就更得到文昌阁来拈香上供,感谢帝君恩德。科举时期,文昌阁在一县的士人心目中是占据很重要的位置的,后来,就冷落下来了。

正房两侧,各有两间厢房。西厢房是老白住的。他是看文昌阁的,也可以说是一个庙祝。东厢房存着一副《文昌帝君阴骘文》的书版。 当中是一个颇大的院子,种着两棵柿子树。柿树之前,有一座一人多高的砖砌的方亭子,亭子的四壁各有一个脸盆大的圆洞。这便是烧化字纸的化纸炉。化纸炉设在文昌阁,顺理成章。老白收了字纸,便投在化纸炉里,点火焚烧。化纸炉四面通风,不大一会,就烧尽了。

老白孤身一人,日子好过。早先有人拈香上供,他可以得到赏钱。有时有人家拿几刀纸让老白代印《阴骘文》(印了送人,是一种积德的善举),也会送老白一点工钱。老白印了多次《阴骘文》,几乎能背下来了(他是识字的)。后来,也没有人来印《阴骘文》了,这副版子就闲在那里,落满了灰尘。不过老白还是饿不着的。他挨家收字纸,逢年过节,大家小户都会送他一点钱。端午节,有人家送他几个粽子;八月节,几个月饼;年下,给他二升米,一方咸肉。老白粗茶淡饭,怡然自得。化纸之后,关门独坐。门外长流水,日长如小年。他有时也会想想县里的几个单人、进士到阁里来上供谢神的盛况。往事历历,如在目前。

老白收了字纸,有时要抹平了看看(他怕万一有人家把房地契当字纸扔了,这种事曾经发生过)。近几年他收了一些字纸,却一个字都不认得。字横行如蚯蚓,还有些三角、圆圈、四方块。那是中学生的英文和几何的习题。他摇摇头,把这些练习本和别的字纸一同填进化纸炉烧了。孔夫子和欧几里德、纳斯菲尔于是同归于尽。

老白活到九十七岁,无疾而终。

小题1:下列对作品的分析和概括,不正确的两项是(5分)

A.因为生活所迫,老白只能靠看文昌阁和收字纸为生,尽管生活清贫,但他无怨无悔,甘于寂寞,悠然自得。

B.“化纸之后,关门独坐。门外长流水,日长如小年”一句,体现了汪曾祺作品语言干净利索、淡而有味的特点。

C.老白收到中学生的英文和几何习题的字纸,从中我们可以感受到时代变迁的步伐,但老白对此并不大理解。

D.“孔夫子和欧几里德、纳斯菲尔于是同归于尽”一句,揭示了传统文化与现代科技的冲突,带有悲剧意味。E.这篇作品写了一个收字纸的老人的晚年生活,叙事平实,不追求故事情节的一波三折,也不重视高潮的设置。

小题2:文中描写了不少的乡土风俗,有什么作用?请简要分析。(4分)

答:                                                                            

小题3:汪曾棋曾说:“我追求的不是深刻,而是和谐。”汪曾祺说的“和谐”在文中体现在哪里? 请结合文本进行探究。(6分)

答:                                                                           

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