属广谱抗生素，兼有抗结核和抗麻风病作用的药物是 A．异烟肼 B．利福平 C．乙胺丁醇

具有较强的促进胰酶分泌作用的激素是（）

A.胰泌素

B.胃泌素

C.胆囊收缩素

D.抑胃肽

E.胰岛素

已婚妇女，结婚3年未孕，现停经52天， * * 少量流血4天，今晨突感下腹剧痛，伴明显肛门坠胀感，血压60/40mmHg，脉搏120次／分。叩诊：移动性浊音阳性。妇科检查；宫颈举痛明显，子宫稍大稍软，右附件区有明显触痛。Hb80g/L。本例恰当处置应是（）

A.立即行清宫术

B.输液输血，观察病情进展

C.立即行剖腹探查术

D.输液输血同时行剖腹探查术

E.待纠正休克后行剖腹探查术

在考虑城市地理信息系统设计方法时，采用一种面向数据流的系统设计方法是属于（）

A.生命周期法

B.原型法

C.模块结构法

D.面向对象的设计方法

伊斯兰教的六大信仰指什么

Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable.

Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any group’s most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individual’s own conscience operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and social welfare agencies. All these formal agents function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to those who make the rules and who, therefore, define unacceptable behavior.

Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaff’irms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are treated.

In the third paragraph, "a dual function" refers to ().

A. formal and informal

B. rewards and penalties

C. approval and disapproval

D. clarification and regulation