试题与答案

对软盘进行写保护设置是防止软盘感染计算机病毒的有利措施之一。( )

题型:判断题

题目:

对软盘进行写保护设置是防止软盘感染计算机病毒的有利措施之一。( )

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

参考答案:A, B, C, D, E

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题型:阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文字,完成5—7题。

世界上最早的纸币

王增瑜

世界上最早的纸币,出现于北宋的四川,当时称为“交子”,交子是商品货币经济发展的产物。唐朝是中国中古时代的鼎盛期,然而在初唐还是钱帛兼行,丝织品绢帛在相当程度上行使货币的职能,也就是说,当时商品交换在一定程度上仍处于以物易物的发展水平。自唐中叶后,铜钱日益排挤绢帛,到北宋时,绢帛大体上已终止货币的职能。北宋统一中原地区,却没有统一币制,而是铜钱和铁钱兼行。在四川地区行用铁钱,陕西与河东地区兼用铜、铁钱,而其他地区则行用铜钱。尽管北宋铜钱产量比唐朝提高好几倍至十几倍,然而因商品经济的发展,仍须铸造铁钱,以弥补和调节铜钱流通之不足。铁钱是一种价贱而笨重的铸币,“川峡铁钱直,直铜钱一”。铁钱1贯,即1000文,约重3.9千克。如购买丝织品罗一匹,须用2万文铁钱,约重78千克。在这种情况下,交子就应运而生了。

交子作为世界上最早的纸币,当然也是比较原始的纸币,却已具备了纸币的基本特征。马克思说,“纸币的发行限于它象征地代表的金(或银)的实际流通的数量”,“纸币是金的符号或货币符号”,“纸币只有代表金量(金量同其他一切商品量一样,也是价值量),才成为价值符号”。交子这种纸币,是以铁钱作本位的,亦即是铁钱的价值符号早在私商发行期间,交子的图案有“屋木人物”,用朱、墨两色,还有各私人铺户的押字,“各自隐密题号”,以防伪冒。这种办法,近世纸币亦予采用,而其防止伪造的各种记号,自然要比交子精密得多。此外,宋朝纸币开始大约是用木版印刷,后又改用铜版印刷,这也是印刷史上的重大进步。交子的币面价值,最早限于1贯和10贯,而在发放时临时书填,这与近世支支也有相似之处。宋仁宗宝元二年(公元1039年),改为只发行5贯和10贯两种交子,宋神宗熙宁元年(公元1068直),又改为发行1贯和500文两种交子,币面价值由临时书填改为定额印刷,这也是纸币史上的一个重大进步。

交子作为地区性的货币,行用地区大体限于四川。最早,在四川以外地区是不能通用交子的。然而按照北宋财政制度,四川地方官府收入的财赋,往往就近支拨与陕西各路,以充对付西夏的军事费用。所以四川的交子,便渐渐行用于陕西各路了。如宋仁宗时曾规定,四川商人在沿边“人中”粮草,官府可以支付钱币,也可支付交子。有一次,宋廷特别规定,取川交子30万贯,在陕西秦州(今甘肃天水)“募人入中粮草”。宋神宗时,不仅陕西路单独发行过交子,宋廷还在河东路潞州(今山西长治),也设置交子务,单独发行交子。但这两路的交子发行事业,都未取得成功,旋即废罢。河东和陕西路是铜、铁钱兼用的地区,故也可行用或发放以铁钱为本位的交子。由此看来,北宋交子的行用地域仍是有限的,并未超出铁钱通用地区的范围。(选自王曾瑜《锱铢编》,有删改)

小题1:对交子“具备了纸币的基本特征”的理解.m,不正确的一项是          (   )

A.交子是铁钱的价值符号,它是以铁钱作本位的

B.交子有图案、颜色和隐秘题号等防伪措施。

C.交子的币面价值在各个时期虽有不同,但都只有两种面值。

D.交子币面价值由最初的临时书填改为后来的定额印刷。小题2:下列表述,符合原文意思的一项是                                (   )

A.交子的出现,解决了铁钱笨重携带不便的问题。

B.最早的交子在发放时临时书写数额,就是我国最早的支票。

C.交子最初是木版印刷的,后来随着印刷术的进步,改用铜版印刷。

D.因为四川的交子行用于陕西路,所以陕西路单独发行交子未获成功。小题3:依据原文提供的信息,下列推断不正确的一项是                    (   )

A.交子的发行量如果超出了当时铁钱流通数量,就会出现贷币贬值现象。

B.交子的出现说明了北宋时全国商品经济有了进一步的发 展,人民生活较为富裕。

C.交子最早是以私下流通的形式出现的,后来才改为官府发行

D.交子的出现说明了北宋时期四川地区雕版印刷技术的发达。

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题型:阅读理解

Somali pirates(海盗) robbed three Thai fishing ships with 77 sailors on board nearly l,200 Miles off the Somali coast,the farthest-off-shore attack to date,an officer said Tuesday.

Pirates have gone farther south and east in answer to increased patrols(巡逻) by warships off the Somali shore. The robbing of the three ships Sunday was about 600 miles outside the normal operation area for the international force,said a spokesman.

The spokesman said the attack so far out at sea was a clear sign that the international patrols against pirates were having a “marked effect on pirate activity in the area”.

“Once they start attacking that far out,you’re not even really talking about the Somali basin or areas of water that have any connection with Somalia,” said an officer,Roger Middleton.“Once you’re that far out, it's just the Indian Ocean,and it means you’re looking at trade going from the Gulf to Asia,from Asia to South Africa.”

"This is the farthest robbing to date.They are now operating near the Maldives and India,” said another officer.

The three ships--the MV Prantalay 11,12,and l 4—had 77 members on board in total.All of them are Thai, the spokesman said.Before the Sunday robbing,pirates held 11 ships and 228 sailors.

Pirates have increased attacks over the past year in hopes of catching more dollar payments. Because of increased patrols and defenses on board ships,the success rate(率)has gone down,though the number of successful attacks has stayed the same year over year.

小题1:The pirate attack reported in the text happened           

A.far out in the Indian Ocean

B.in the normal patrol area

C.near the Somali, coast

D.in the south of Africa小题2:According to the text, which can best describe the situation of the pirate problems?

A.More goods on board are lost.

B.Pirate attacks happen in a larger area now.

C.The number of attacks has stayed the same these years.

D.Pirate attacks are as serious as before along the Somali coast.小题3:Which is true about the warship patrols according to the text?

A.The patrols are of little effect.

B.The patrols are more difficult.

C.More patrols are quite necessary even in Asia.

D.The patrols only drive the pirates to other areas.小题4:How many sailors were held by the pirates before the time of the report?

A.228.

B.77.

C.383.

D.305.

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