软件危机出现于60年代末，为了解决软件危机，人们提出了　【3】　的原理来设计软件这就

依据《建设工程安全生产管理条例》的规定，有关总承包单位与分包单位的安全管理的表述，有误的是()。

A.总承包单位应当自行完成建设上程主体结构的施工

B.总承包单位和分包单位对分包工程的安全生产承担连带责任

C.建筑工程实行总承包的.由总承包单位对施工现场的安全生产负总责

D.分包单位不服从管理导致生产安全事故的，由分包单位自行承担全部责任

B

Societies all over the world name places in similar ways. Quite often there is no official naming ceremony but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives the place a name. Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.

Many roads and places in Singapore（新加坡） are named in order that the pioneers will be remembered by future generations. Thus we have names such as Stamford Road and Raffles Place. This is in keeping with traditions in many countries ---- in both the West and the East.

Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they were named to promote friendships between the two places or it could be that the people who used to live there were originally from the places that the roads were named after. The mystery is clearer when we see some of the roads named in former British bases. If you step into Selector Airbase you will see Piccadilly Circus ---- obviously named by some homesick Royal Air Force personnel.

Some places were named after the activities that used to go on at those places. Bras Basah Road is an interesting example, “Base Basah” means “wet rice” in Malay（马来语）. Now why would anyone want to name a road “Wet Rice Road”? The reason is simple. During the pioneering days, wet rice was laid out to dry along this road.

A few roads in Singapore are named by their shapes. There is “Circular Road” for one. Other roads may have part of their names to describe their shapes, like “Paya Lebar Crescent”. This road is called a crescent（月牙） because it begins on the main road, makes a crescent and comes back to join the main road again.

45. We learn from Paragraph 1 that _____.

A. the government is usually the first to name a place

B. many places tend to have more than one name

C. a ceremony will be held when a place is named

D. people prefer the place names given by the government

46. What does the underlined phrase “die hard” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. Change suddenly.                                  B. Change significantly（有重大意义的）.

C. Disappear mysteriously.                         D. Disappear very slowly.

47. Which of the following places is named after a person?

A. Raffles Place.                                       B. Selector Airbase.             

C. Piccadilly Circus.                                  D. Paya Lebar Crescent.

48. Bras Basah Road is named _______.

A. after a person           B. after a place              C. after an activity         D. by its shape

下列属于人体第一道防线的是（）。

①胃液对病菌的杀灭作用

②唾液中溶菌酶对病原体的分解作用

③吞噬细胞的胞吞

④呼吸道纤毛对病菌的外排作用

⑤皮肤的阻挡作用

⑥效应T细胞与靶细胞接触

⑦抗毒素与细菌外毒素结合

A.②⑤

B.④⑤

C.①②④⑤

D.②③⑤⑥⑦

微笑服务的意义不包括（）。

A、爱岗敬业的表现

B、可以促进企业的效益

C、是一种无声的礼貌语言

D、是服务员赚取小费的最佳方式

微小听神经瘤直径：

A．＜lcm

B．lcm

C．1.5cm

D．lcm～5cm

E．2.0cm