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(本题共14分)人类的陆上运输经历了从马车到蒸汽机车,再到内燃机车的演变过程。今

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(本题共14分)人类的陆上运输经历了从马车到蒸汽机车,再到内燃机车的演变过程。今天,我们已拥有汽车、火车、飞机等快速变通工具。

42、汽车、火车、飞机在行驶中都会因某些因素而影响其速度,所以高速运行的交通工具的头部一般呈流线型,主要是为了减少              

43、某汽车的部分参数如下表,请根据表中数据完成表的其他部分。

整车行驶质量1500kg最大功率92KW
加速性能0—108km/h(即30m/s)所需时间平均加速度
 11sm/s2
制动性能车辆以36km/h(即10m/s)行驶时间的制动距离制运过程中所受合外力
 6.5mN
 

44、生活中经常用“呼啸而来”形容正在驶近的车辆,这是声波在传播过程中对接收者而言频率发生变化的表现,无线电波也具有这种效应。图中的测速雷达正在向一辆接近的车辆发生无线电波,并接收被车辆反射的无线电波。由于车辆的运动,接收的无线电波频率与发生时不同,利用频率差 就能计算出车辆的速度。已知发出和接收的频率间关系为,式中c是真空中的光速,若,可知被测车辆的速度大小为        m/s。

45、有一个小实验:当向两片竖直放置的纸片的中间吹气时,会发现两个小纸片不但不分离,反而靠拢了。这一现象告诉我们,流体运动部分产生的压强要比它周围静止部分产生的压强小。也可以概括为流速大,压强小、流速小,压强大。飞机上天就是由于机翼上下空气流速不同造成的压力差所致。F1赛车在尾部都装有尾翼板,其作用是( )

A.减小磨擦

B.抵消升力

C.减小阻力

D.升高重心46、电动车所需能量由它所携带的蓄电池供给。右图为某类电动车与汽油车性能的比较。通常车用电动机的质量是汽油机的4倍或5倍。为促进电动车的推广使用,在技相主主要应对电动车的                                等部件加以改进。

给电动车蓄电池充电的能量实际上来自于发电站。一般发电站燃烧燃料所释放出来的能量仅30%转化为电能,在向用户输送及充电过程中又损失了20%,这意味着使用电动车时能量转化的总数率约为               %。

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题型:单项选择题

Passage Four

"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable (可传染的) diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition (营养不良) which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike," said Dr. Hiroshi Nakajima, Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO). "At the same time," he added, "in developing countries today, malnutrition is the cause of 174 million children under five years of age being underweight, and 230 million being stunted in their growth. Such figures represent deprivation, suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view. Whether we think interms of humanitarian concern, common justice or development needs, they demand a response, both from national governments and from the international community. "
WHO, working closely with its member states, other United Nations agencies and nongovernmental organizations, is focusing on major crippling (致残的) forms of malnutrition, such as protein-energy malnutrition, vitamin A deficiency (缺乏,不足). At the end of January 1996, 98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries had one under preparation, in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutrition in Rome December 1992. The global situation, however, remains grim. Over 800 million people around the world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein, more than two thousand million people lack essential micro-nutrients, and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food or unbalanced diets.
It is now recognized that 6.6 million out of the estimated 12.2 million deaths annually among children under five—or 54% of young child mortality (死亡率) in developing countries—is associated with malnutrition. In addition to the human suffering, the loss in human potential translates into social and economic costs that no country can afford. In 1990, only 53 developing countries had reliable data on the number of young children under weight; by 1995, 97 countries had such data, nearly all of which included information on stunting and wasting.
In some regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, stagnation of nutritional improvement combined with a rapid rise in population has resulted in an actual increase in the total number of malnourished children. Currently, over two-thirds of the world’s malnourished children live in Asia (especially south Asia), followed by Africa and Latin America.

The tone of the writer’s conclusion concerning the nutrition problem in some countries is ______ .

A.objective

B.pessimistic

C.optimistic

D.concerned

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