试题与答案

阅读下面的文字,完成下列问题。如果有人对你说:“你已经吃过转基因食品了。”(1)你可

题型:单项选择题

题目:

阅读下面的文字,完成下列问题。

如果有人对你说:“你已经吃过转基因食品了。”(1)你可能不相信。(2)但事实上,我们吃的豆油很多是由美国的转基因大豆提炼的,(3)我们平时喝的啤酒所用的菌种(酵母)也很有可能经过基因改良。(4)所以,不知不觉之中,转基因食品已经在我们体内穿肠而过了

其实如今人类享有的任何一种生物:或多或少都已经经过“基因修整”。但是,过去的千百年来,人们是通过自然基因突变来选择具有某种特定基因、特定性状的生物体,而现在的转基因技术则是通过分子生物学手段直接改变基因结构。

利用这种技术开发出来的食品,产量高、营养丰富、抗菌能力强。但是,这种技术创造出来的新型遗传基因有可能对生态环境造成难以消除的所谓遗传基因污染,最终祸害人类自身。

一般在市面上出售的转基因食品对人的健康并没有威胁,因为大部分此类食品只是改变了食品的营养结构,例如提高蛋白质含量。真正从人类的利益出发开发的转基因食品对我们是有益的。

当然,这只是就短期而言。如果以一百万年为思考范围,人会不会因为吃了营养结构改变的食品而引起生理结构的改变这样的改变对人类又有怎样的意义以“蝴蝶效应”为类比:纽约一只蝴蝶颤动翅膀,就有可能引起大洋彼岸的一场大风暴。恐龙的灭绝也有可能仅仅是因为它的主要食品中一条基因的改变。

“应该在转基因食品上贴标签,不仅仅出于安全的考虑。”专家说,“如果消费者吃了转基因食品,至少应该让他知情。消费者有选择的权利。”

转基因食品的优势在于产量高、营养丰富,对于面临资源危机的人类,尤其是人口众多、土地资源相对贫乏的中国来说,无疑是一个好消息。而且用常规技术提高粮食产量、改变食品营养结构的可能性远远不及生物技术。可以说21世纪唯一有可能解决粮食问题的就是生物技术。

但是如果从整个人类的发展来看,转基因食品未必是我们的福祉。整个生物界都是优胜劣汰进化而来,转基因食品利用的技术却不一定符合进化论原则,也许会破坏几十亿年以来的生态乎衡。从进化论角度看,生态平衡中起于青萍之末的微风有可能在进化的尺度上放大成足以毁灭物种的大风暴。

20世纪以来除了核技术之外,转基因是最有争议的科学技术之一。它是人类埋下的自我毁灭的定时百万年的炸弹抑或在不久的将来,我们在海滩享受日光浴的同时体内就自动生成了营养素希望是后者。相信随着人类对基因认识的不断深入,现存的问题会逐步解决。

关于转基因食品的益处或危害,表述正确的一项是()。

A.转基因食品产量高、营养丰富、抗菌能力强,对面临资源危机的人类来说是一个好消息。

B.转基因技术创造出来的新型遗传基因,对生态环境造成了难以清除的遗传基因污染,祸害人类自身。

C.用常规技术提高粮食产量,改变食品营养结构的可能性远远不及生物技术。转基因技术是解决粮食问题的唯一途径。

D.转基因技术不符合优胜劣汰的进化论原则,会破坏几十亿年以来的生态平衡。

答案:

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参考答案:difference

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