试题与答案

阅读材料,回答下列问题。(12分) 材料一新疆是我国最大的棉花生产基地。多年来,

题型:综合

题目:

阅读材料,回答下列问题。(12分)

材料一 新疆是我国最大的棉花生产基地。多年来,在国家的大力支持下,新疆棉花面积、单产、总产、调出量已连续19年位居全国首位,为推动我国棉花生产和纺织工业发展做出了积极贡献。

材料二 澳大利亚常年植棉面积50万公顷,平均一个农场400公顷(6000亩),是我国户均植棉面积的2000倍;澳大利亚棉花生产的全过程都实现了机械化;大面积种植同一个品种,采用同一个生产模式,具有很强的市场竞争力。

材料三 图1为“新疆棉花种植区域分布图”,图2为“澳大利亚农业区域分布图”

(1)新疆与澳大利亚棉花生长共同的有利自然条件有                            

共同的不利自然条件是         ,针对该不利条件当地应提倡大力发展      农业。(3分)

(2)据材料总结澳大利亚的棉花种植具有                          的特点;与澳大利亚相比,新疆发展棉花生产的不利条件是(       ) (3分)

A.市场狭小 

B.劳动力价格低

C.政策扶持力度小 

D.科技水平低E.热量不足

(3)图2中A地农业地域类型是                  ,与下表中的    (甲或乙)对应。对比于该国的棉花种植,该农业类型还具有                            等优点。(4分)

地区种植业比重畜牧业比重商品率劳动力投入
83﹪17﹪22﹪
45﹪55﹪90﹪
(4)请你为我国新疆棉花产业国际化发展方向提出合理化建议。(2分)

答案:

共12分

题号分值参考答案与评分标准
(1)3分光照充足   水源不足    节水(每点1分)
(2)3分生产规模大 机械化水平高 商品率高(任答2点2分)  DE(1分)
(3)4分混合农业 乙 合理安排时间  形成良性农业生态系统,提高土壤肥力(每点1分)
(4)2分扩大棉花生产规模,实现规模效益;加强研发,培育良种,提高市场竞争力;延长棉花产业链,增加附加值,提高利润(任答2点2分)

题目分析:

第(1)题,本题考查棉花生长的自然条件。从地形,气候,水源,土壤等方面分析。新疆是温带大陆性气候,光热充足,昼夜温差大,高山冰雪融水,有灌溉水源;澳大利亚中部是热带沙漠气候,光热充足,昼夜温差大,东部大分水岭有冰雪融水灌溉。

第(2)题,澳大利亚经济发达、生产规模大、机械化水平高、科技水平高、商品率高,与澳大利亚相比,新疆的热量条件差、交通条件较差、科技水平较低。

第(3)题,图2中A地为澳大利亚的墨累达令盆地,农业地域类型是混合农业,表中的甲地区为以种植业为主的农业地域类型,乙地区为种植业、畜牧业并重的混合农业分布区。对比于该国的棉花种植,澳大利亚的混合农业还有形成良性农业生态系统,提高土壤肥力、合理安排农业生产活动、经济收入稳定等优点。

第(4)题,对于我国新疆棉花产业国际化发展方向的建议可从扩大棉花生产规模,实现规模效益;加强研发,培育良种,提高市场竞争力;延长棉花产业链,增加附加值,提高利润等方面分析。

点评:本题难度较小,学生只要掌握影响棉花生产的区位条件即可作答。另外本题还可比较新疆与澳大利亚两地的自然环境之间的差异,并分析成因。

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