试题与答案

阅读理解。 You may think that English dictio

题型:阅读理解

题目:

阅读理解。

    You may think that English dictionaries have been used for many, many centuries. In fact, an English

dictionary like the kind you use today wasn't made until the time of the Qing Dynasty. Three men did most

of the important early work on dictionaries: Samuel Johnson, Noah Webster, and James Murray. These men

spent nearly all of their lives trying to collect words for their dictionaries. For them, it wasn't only a job; it

was a wonderful journey. The largest dictionary in the world is the Oxford English Dictionary, or OED for

short. The idea for this dictionary came from an important meeting in Britain in 1857. Twenty-two years later,

Oxford University asked James Murray to be the editor of its new dictionary.

    Murray had never been to college. At the age of fourteen, he left his village school in Scotland and taught

himself while working in a bank. Later he became a great teacher. After Oxford gave him the job, Murray had

a place built in the garden behind his house to do his work. Part of it was one meter underground. In winter it

felt like a barn, he had to wear a heavy coat and put his feet in a box to keep warm. Every morning, Murray

got out of bed at five o'clock and worked several hours before breakfast. Often he would work by candle light

into the evening. Murray hoped to finish the new dictionary in ten years. But after five years, he was still

adding words for the letter A! Then others went to work with Murray, including his two daughters. He worked

on the dictionary until he was very old. Forty-four years later, in 1928, other editors finished it. It included

more than 15,000 words in twelve books. And you thought your English dictionary was big!

1. The first English dictionary like we are using today _____. [ ]

A. was edited in China in the Qing Dynasty

B. has been used for many centuries

C. was completed by James Murray

D. was made in the 20th century

2. What's the meaning of the underlined sentence? [ ]

A. The editors liked their jobs very much.

B. Making dictionaries was more than their job, it took their whole lives to complete the tasks.

C. Editing dictionaries was like taking a wonderful journey.

D. It was only a job for the editors to make dictionaries.

3. Which of the following statements about the Oxford English Dictionary is NOT true? [ ]

A. It was completed by James Murray and some other people.

B. It was decided to make such a dictionary in 1857.

C. The dictionary was completed twenty-two years after it was decided to be made.

D. It took James Murray more than 5 years to add words to letter A.

4. In the last paragraph, "barn" probably is _____. [ ]

A. a hotel to live in

B. a nice house to look at

C. a place for animals to stay in

D. a room to keep cold out

5. The main purpose of writing this passage is to _____. [ ]

A. tell us why the first English dictionary was made

B. introduce who James Murray was

C. tell us how the first English dictionary was made

D. introduce us three people - Samuel Johnson, Noah Webster, and James Murray

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

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题型:问答题

A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a link between a company’s success and the personality of its boss. (46)To work out what that personality was, they asked senior managers to score their bosses for such traits as an ability to communicate an exciting vision of the future or to stand as a good model for others to follow. When the data were analyzed, the researchers found no evidence of a connection between how well a firm was doing and what its boss was like. As far as they could tell, a company could not be judged by its chief executive any better than a book could be judged by its cover.
(47)A few years before this, however, a team of psychologists from Tufts University, led by Nalini Ambady, discovered that when people watched two-second-long film-clips of professors lecturing, they were pretty good at determining how able a teacher each professor actually was.
Now, Dr Ambady and her colleague, Nicholas Rule, have taken things a step further. (48)They have shown that even a still photograph can convey a lot of information about competence—and that it can do so in a way which suggests the assessments of all those senior managers were nonsense.
Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule showed 100 undergraduates the faces of the chief executives of the top 25 and the bottom 25 companies in the Fortune 1,000 list. Half the students were asked how good they thought the person they were looking at would be at leading a company and half were asked to rate five personality traits on the basis of the photograph. (49) These traits were competence, dominance, likability, facial maturity (in other words, did the individual have an adult-looking face or a baby-face) and trustworthiness.
And Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule were surprised by just how accurate the students’ observations were. The results of their study, which are about to be published in Psychological Science, show that both the students’ assessments of the leadership potential of the bosses and their ratings for the traits of competence, dominance and facial maturity were significantly related to a company’s profits.
(50)Sadly, the characteristics of likability and trustworthiness appear to have no link to company profits, suggesting that when it comes to business success, being warm and fuzzy does not matter much (though these traits are not harmful).

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