钮扣状钙化为血管瘤特征性X线表现。

患者，59岁，因睡觉时发现腹部正中有跳动感来院就诊，无疼痛及其他不适症状。患者查体：HR76次／分，BP175／90mmHg，腹部触及一约5cm×7cm搏动性包块，与心搏一致，有轻压痛，可横向活动。

提示：该患者血管旁路建立完毕，开放主动脉时血压骤降至60／45mmHg。提问：应采取下述哪些方法预防和处理该反应？（）。

A.缓慢松开主动脉阻断钳

B.术中最好不做控制性降压，以免松钳时血压惯性下降

C.术前、术中合适的扩容

D.主动脉开放前掌握好时机预防性应用血管收缩药

E.麻醉过程中禁忌使用β受体阻滞剂

F.主动脉开放前即可开始加速补液

下列药物中，驾驶员服用后可能出现定向力障碍的是

A．哌替啶

B．氟桂利嗪

C．双氯芬酸

D．金刚烷胺

E．双嘧达莫

Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager.

“I would never have said to my mom, ‘Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?’” says Ballmer. “There was just a complete gap in taste.”

Music was not the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.

Today, the generation gap has not disappeared, but it is getting narrow in many families. Conversations on subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago. Now they are comfortable and common. And parent—child activities, from shopping to sports, involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue int0 adulthood.

No wonder greeting cards today carry the message, “To my mother, my best friend.”

But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents. “There’s still a lot of strictness and authority on the part of parents out there, but there is a change happening,” says Kerrie, a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College. “In the middle of that change, there is a lot of confusion among parents.”

Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have a say.

“My parents were on the ‘before’ side of that change, but today’s parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the  ‘after’ side,” explains Mr. Ballmer. “It’s not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now.”

41. The underlined word gulf in Para.3 most probably means _________.

A. interest

B. distance

C. difference

D. separation

42. Which of the following shows that the generation gap is disappearing?

A. Parents help their children develop interests in more activities.

B. Parents put more trust in their children’s abilities.

C. Parents and children talk more about sex and drugs.

D. Parents share more interests with their children.

43. The change in today’s parent-child relationship is _________.

A. more confusion among parents

B. new equality between parents and children

C.1ess respect for parents from children

D. more strictness and authority on the part of parents

44. By saying “today’s parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the ‘after’ side.” the author means that today’s parents _________.

A. follow the trend of the change

B. can set a limit to the change

C. fail to take the change seriously

D. have little difficulty adjusting to the change

45. The purpose of the passage is to _________.

A. describe the difficulties today’s parents have met with

B. discuss the development of the parent—child relationship

C. suggest the ways to handle the parent—child relationship

D. compare today’s parent—child relationship with that in the past

光发送机的组成包括（）扰码、时钟提取、光源、光源的调制电炉、光源的控制电路及光源的监视和保护电路。

A.均衡放大器

B.码型变换

C.复用

D.以上都是