某细菌属于肠杆菌科中的一个属，能够在4℃生长，所致胃肠炎称为"冰箱病"。该菌除主要引

与下颌角同一平面的椎体是（）

A.第1颈椎

B.第2颈椎

C.第3颈椎

D.第4颈椎

E.第5颈椎

围手术期预防性使用抗生素的最佳时间为

A．手术开始时

B．手术开始前1小时

C．手术中发生污染时

D．手术前2天开始

E．手术结束时

可行域的左边界必然向内凸。

阅读理解

     I found the imagination of becoming a grandmother somewhat discouraging. I was younger than I

thought a grandmother should be when I got the news that I was going to become one myself. I admit, it

was not a role that I was emotionally ready to accept. I had been a young mother, and had certainly hoped my daughter would not face that same challenge. I remarried when she was a teenager, and then had two more children. On getting the news that she was expecting, I remember thinking "What do I know about

being a grandmother? -I haven't even finished raising my own kids yet!" I don't like to be unprepared, so I read a few books about grandparenting. That gave me a little help, but I was still uncertain. I thought about other grandmothers I knew, and got a few ideas I liked and a few more that I didn't. But I couldn't quite

figure out what kind of grandmother I wanted to be. Then I thought about my own grandmother, Granny,

as she's known by most people, and I knew I had the answer.

     I didn't realize it until that moment, but my own grandmother was the example for the kind of

grandmother I wanted to be. I am fortunate that I got to spend a lot of time with my grandparents when I was a little kid. Here's what I learned from my Granny:

     Grandmothers always have a cookie jar. For my entire life, Granny always had a cookie jar full of

cookies. When I was a little tiny girl, just at eye level with the counter, Granny would get the cookie jar

down for me. When I was a little older I learned how to pull the chair over so I could reach. As I got taller, if I really stretched, I could reach the cookie jar with my finger tips and move it close enough to get it down off the counter to find out what kind of treat was inside. Always the first thing I did when I went to

Granny 's house was check the cookie jar and there were always cookies in it. Many years later, I'll drive my own children to Granny's house and the first thing Pd do is get us all a cookie.

     So grandmothers must have a cookie jar and on my granddaughte' s first Christmas, my daughter

bought me my own cookie jar. She said when they came to see me, her daughter would find the treat the way she did and I did.

1. The writer thought it was a little discouraging to be a grandmother because________.

A.she was not old enough to be one    

B.she was not emotionally ready to be one

C.she thought her daughter was too young to be a mother

D.grandmother should be older than she was

2. The underlined phrase "that same challenge " in the first paragraph refers to" ________"

A. taking care of a grandchild

B. taking care of a baby

C. being a young grandmother

D. being a young mother

3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that________.

A.the writer has many happy memories of her grandmother's cookie jar

B.the writer always wanted to know what was inside her grandmother's cookie jar

C.the writer often drove her grandchildren to see her grandmother's cookie jar

D.womenof the writer 's age all have a cookie jar for their grandchildren

4. What kind of grandmother did the writer want to be?

A.One who has a jar filled with many kinds of cookies for children and herself.

B.One who grows up with her grandmother's cookie jar with all kinds of cookies.

C.One who is like her own grandmother with a cookie jar to treat her grandchildren.

D.Onewho always makes different kinds of cookies to treat her grandchildren.

5. Which of the following can be the best title of this text?

A.Grandmother's Cookie Jar                

B.Grandmother's Treat for Children

C.Grandmothers and Grandchildren          

D. Happy Memories of Cookies

下列（）适用于表彰先进、批评错误、传达重要精神或交流重要情况。

A.报告

B.请示

C.意见

D.通报