试题与答案

室性早搏的心电图特点是（） A.QRS>0.12s B.提前出现的QRS波群之前有逆

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题型：多项选择题

题目：

室性早搏的心电图特点是（）

A.QRS>0.12s

B.提前出现的QRS波群之前有逆行的P′波

C.代偿间期完全

D.提前出现的QRS波群之前无提前出现的P′波

E.P′波提前出现

答案：

参考答案：A, C, D

考点：泌尿外科(医学高级)医学高级(泌尿外科)正高特训押题密卷七
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题型：阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字，完成下列各题。

黄河入海流

李康美

冰雪融化成水滴, 水滴聚成了河流。一滴一滴的水珠，竟然汇成了滔滔流淌的大河。在人类生活的舞台上，大自然才是最伟大的导演。

我曾经去过青海高原，虽然来到黄河真正的发源地，但流经的河水也是幼年的黄河。那里的黄河清澈见底，甚至一直到兰州，都还算不上波澜壮阔。在宁夏虽有了波澜壮阔的味道，但是同样算不得汹涌澎湃。

实际上，黄河也有着自己的成长过程，如果说它是一条主动脉，那么，依附着它壮大着它的，还有许许多多的支动脉或者叫做毛细血管。在我们渭南的土地上，黄河就形成了一个典型的奇特景现：在那个人称“三河口”的地方，渭河和洛河几乎同时注入了黄河，从而使黄河一下子变得那么的浩淼。

很早以前，我总以为渭河和洛河在临汇入黄河时，都会因为落差，而腾起冲天的水雾，并且是波浪翻卷，发出日夜不息的水与水的冲击声。后来，我多次去过“三河口”，遗憾的是，它们似乎永远保持着一种十分友好的姿态，从未听见过哗哗的冲击声，甚至是你中有我，我中有你，共同进行了短暂的倾诉后，又一同相依相偎向东而去。

前年去山东，驱车看遍了胶东旁边的大海，我突然想到，任何东西都可能有着生命的尽头，世界上的每一条大河都会注入大海，最终也就在大海中消亡了。河流和大海的交汇，也是河流的荣耀。   

回程经过山东东营市，我们竟然异口同声地要去看看黄河的入海口。真该看一看，终年冰雪的喜玛拉雅，人迹罕至的青藏高原，那里冰雪融化成的一滴一滴水珠, 到头来却仍然在这里融入了海洋。巍然屹立的世界屋脊，竟然以水为使者，贯穿了中国的土地, 再通过海洋，和世界连为一体，飞溅起自己的声音。还应该包括我们的渭河、洛河,尽管它们在“三河口”之后就已经隐名埋姓，默默无闻地随着黄河的水流涌动，但是黄河能注入大海，它们的动力功不可没。

未到目的地之前，我又做了一次错误的判断，仍然以为黄河和渤海有着一定的落差，说不定还成了一面宽大的瀑布，很远就可以听见惊涛拍浪般的响声。从东营市始发的路程上，我总侧耳倾听，心里还是继续着想象，只要听见那种万马奔腾的水击声，那里就一定是黄河的入海口。

可是那样的咆哮声一直没有出现。也许是年深历久的冲刷，也许是流经万里的黄河太疲惫了，在这里，别说听见什么声音，就是黄河的流速也变得非常迟缓了。乘游艇而下，我一直企盼的声音也始终没有到来。只是水面越来越宽，两岸的芦苇荡遥，远得只能望见一缕绿色。黄河入海口原来也和我们的“三河口”一样，只是像扁面儿似的铺展开来，慢慢地，慢慢地和前边的渤海衔接，走向了无边无际的浩瀚，最终也就消亡了自己。

当然，黄河入海的景观绝非我们的“三河口”可比，那样的博大更是无法想象的。当游艇的主人告诉我们，真正的黄河入海口就在那一片水域时，我们早就看不见两岸的边际。可以想见，黄河临入海时的河面有多么宽广!何以见得这片水域才是黄河和渤海的衔接处？其实我们已经从异样的空气中得到了鉴别，一边是黄河还未经过大海洗礼的泥土气息，扭过头去，那边却是略带咸味的海风拂面了。

游艇继续驶入了大海。为了黄河的消亡，或者说为了黄河和世界的衔接，我们也该送她一程。    (选自《散文》2010 年第2期，有删改)

小题1:第一段对文章内容的表达有什么作用？(4分)

 

小题2:文中说“河流和大海的交汇，也是河流的荣耀”，作者这样表述的理由是什么？(6分)

小题3:联系上下文，请分析画线文段的表达特色。(6分)

小题4:请探究“黄河入海流”的生命轨迹蕴涵了哪些人生启示。(6分)
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