试题与答案

患者男性,25岁。2年前因农忙中淋雨受寒后发热、咳嗽、咽痛,次日颜面及双下肢水肿,尿

题型:多项选择题

题目:

患者男性,25岁。2年前因农忙中淋雨受寒后发热、咳嗽、咽痛,次日颜面及双下肢水肿,尿量减少,心慌、气短,渐发展为不能平卧,咳粉红色泡沫痰,并有头晕、腹胀、恶心、呕吐。近2年时有腹胀,食欲下降,有时双下肢抽搐和疼痛;常有头昏眼花及视物模糊;刷牙时牙龈出血,碰撞后皮肤青紫,夜尿明显增多,腰酸腿软。

入院查体:体温36.5℃,呼吸28次/分,血压170/100mmHg。肾病面容,强迫端坐位,呼出气体有尿味。双肺闻及湿啰音。心界扩大,心率112次/分,心尖区可闻及吹风样收缩期杂音。肝右肋下2cm。

辅助检查:1、血常规示重度贫血,2、尿蛋白++,尿红细胞+;3、24小时尿量280ml,4、血肌酐、尿素氮升高;5、B超示双肾体积缩小。

应采取的护理措施有()。

A.高热量高钙高维生素饮食

B.预防感冒

C.保持病房环境安静

D.保护性隔离

E.限制饮水

F.卧床休息

答案:

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