试题与答案

Oscar the cat seems to have an unnatural

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题目:

Oscar the cat seems to have an unnatural ability for predicting when nursing home patients are going to die, by curling up (蜷伏) next to them during their final hours. His accuracy, observed in 25 cases, has led the staff to call family members once he has chosen someone. It usually means the patient has less than four hours to live. "Many family members take some comfort from it. They appreciate the companionship that the cat provides for their dying loved one," said Dosa, a doctor and assistant professor of medicine at Brown University.

The 2-year-old cat was adopted as a kitten and grew up in a third-floor dementia (痴呆) unit at the Steere House Nursing and Rehabilitation Center, where the facility treats people with Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease and other illnesses. After about six months, the staff noticed Oscar would make his own rounds, just like the doctors and nurses. He'd smell and observe patients, then sit beside people who would end up dying in a few hours. Dosa said Oscar seems to take his work seriously. "This is not a cat that's friendly to people," he said.

"Oscar is better at predicting death than the people who work here," said Dr. Joan Teno of Brown University, who treats patients at the nursing home and is an expert on care for the terminally ill. She was convinced of Oscar's talent when he made his 13th correct call. While observing one patient, Teno said she noticed the woman wasn't eating, was breathing with difficulty and that her legs had a bluish color, signs that often mean death is near. Oscar wouldn't stay inside the room, though, so Teno thought bis streak was broken. Instead, it turned out the doctor's prediction was roughly 10 hours too early. Sure enough, during the patient's final two hours, nurses told Teno that Oscar joined the woman at her bedside.

Doctors say most of the people who get a visit from the sweet-faced, gray-and-white cat are so ill that they probably don't know he's there, so patients aren't aware he's a predictor of death. Most families are grateful for the advance warning, although one wanted Oscar out of the room while a family member died. When Oscar is put outside, he paces and meows his displeasure.

No one's certain if Oscar's behavior is scientifically significant or points to a cause. Teno wonders if the cat senses mysterious scents or reads something into the behavior of the nurses who raised him. Nursing home staff aren't concerned with explaining Oscar, so long as he gives families a better chance at saying goodbye to the dying. The staff recently gave Oscar a wall sign publicly praising his "sympathetic care."

小题1:What makes Oscar the cat so special?

A.He observes the cases of dying patients.

B.He curls up next to the patients.

C.He calls family members to the hospital.

D.He senses when patients are to die.小题2:The passage tells us Oscar_____.

A.would go round and observe patients

B.may sometimes fail to predict death

C.is friendly and liked by every nurse

D.was born and grew up in the hospital小题3:The underlined words "his streak was broken" probably mean ____.

A.his bones were severely injured

B.his magic power stopped working

C.his devotion to work got changed

D.his friendship with patients ended小题4:From the passage, we learn that_____.

A.Oscar's behavior is scientifically significant

B.Oscar can read something of the nurses' behavior

C.Oscar might like to stay with the dying patients

D.Oscar is sympathetic to the dying patients小题5:The best title for this passage is "____".

A.Cats Can Be Used for Looking After Patients

B.Oscar, the Sweet-Faced, Gray-and-White Cat

C.As Death Comes Calling, So Does Oscar the Cat

D.Oscar the Cat, the Best Helper of Our Hospital

答案:

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怪人

[乌拉圭]比亚纳①

这是给牲口烙印的日子。早晨的阳光倾泻下来,照得人们头昏眼花。

在用横木和立柱造的宽大畜栏里,一群小牛犊踢打着蹄子,眼里冒着火光,在弥漫的尘烟中急得团团打转。从那激怒的神色看,这样被囚禁在里头,它们再也不能忍受了。

畜栏外面,准备套牲口前蹄的人排成两行,中间留一条通道。他们手握绳索,睁大眼睛,等待小牛出栏。

在畜栏的门旁,巨大的火堆熊熊燃烧,火焰冲天。

突然,套牲口的人拖出一头小牛来。当它走到场地上的时候,加乌乔②们发出一阵吼叫,吓得它发疯似的埋头奔跑起来。十几条套索在空中发着咝咝声,凶猛的小牛咆哮了一声,扑通倒在地上。勇士们一拥而上,把它捆缚起来,按在了地上。

“烙!”一个人叫道。

打烙印的人从火堆那儿跑了过来。

火红的烙铁烙得小牛毛皮发着吱吱的声响,冒出一股白烟,发出一股臭味。然后,小牛被解下绳索,身上流着血,疼痛而悲哀地跑开了。加乌乔们却又说又笑地走向火堆,去享受他们套捉牲口的奖赏——畅饮那杯美酒去了。

这种粗野而危险的活计,是加乌乔们最大的乐趣,他们从内心里感到高兴。但是在这一片欢乐的气氛中,只有马乌罗与众不同。他身体高大、粗壮,有点驼背,脑袋硕大,头发蓬乱,脸上最引人注目的特征是那个大鼻子:鼻梁高高地突起,在浓密的头发衬托下,就像是乱糟糟的黑色胡椒树丛中间的一座小石山。别人交谈的时候,他嘟哝;别人大笑的时候,他吼叫。

“烙!这回该你了!”伙伴们着急地冲马乌罗喊道。

他气呼呼地回答:“来了,哼!我又不是火车!”

转回来的时候,他嘟嘟囔囔,推搡着人群往前走,或给狗一脚,或给一个男童头上一掌,什么借口他都找得到的。“这帮懒鬼!你们不知道给人让路吗?”

“你们给这个怪物让路!”有人这样应答。马乌罗头也不回,粗言恶语地骂他一句,全是难听的字眼儿。

老头儿马乌罗的为人一向如此:脾气暴躁,态度冷淡,出言不逊,像青榅桲一样苦酸。所以,人们都管他叫“怪人”。他那毛茸茸的狮子般的大头,他那被头发遮掩着的可憎的面孔,他那目光凶狠的小眼睛,他那嘶哑的嗓音和他那把总是插在腰间的长刀子,令人不禁感到几分敬畏。

他是从何处来的呢?没人知道。可能是从地狱里来的,也可能是从某个狮子洞里来的。谁也不知道他的身世,但是大家都猜想:他准是一个有着不幸经历的强盗。一个怪人,一个冷酷无情的人,一个心灵干枯、心似铁石的人。他经常冲着大家抱怨,而不对着某个人。

场地上忽然响起一阵可怕的叫喊。只见一头肢体伤残、秉性暴烈的四岁大公牛从地上爬起来,怒气冲冲地用蹄刨了刨地,接着痛苦而狂怒地向众人发起了攻击。加乌乔们大惊失色,恐惧地四处奔逃。那公牛三蹦两跳地蹿到火堆边。马乌罗还来得及躲开,他噌地一下爬到了畜栏的围墙上。

但是,当他回头看时,发现下面有一个男童,一个六岁的男童,一只手提着一只吐绶鸡,另一只手抱着一个南瓜,吓得脸色铁青,呆若木鸡。马乌罗毫不犹豫地跳下去,伸手把他抓住,高高地举过头顶,用自己的胸膛挡住了公牛的犄角。

在场的二十个人异口同声地发出恐怖的叫喊,冒着红色火焰的木柴四处飞溅,烟雾弥漫,尘土飞扬,眼前的一切顿时变得模糊不清。

当公牛被两条绳索套着犄角从烟雾中拖出来的时候,大家才看清这幅惨景,都惊呆了。

那男童站在被公牛冲毁的火堆旁,面色如土,但是安然无恙。有着不幸经历的怪人马乌罗却直挺挺地躺在地上,一动也不动;他的头枕着灰烬,结实的胸膛已经被公牛的凶恶犄角挑开。

(朱景冬译,有删改)

注:①比亚纳(1868~1925),著名作家,其作品多取材于加乌乔的口头传说。②加乌乔:南美潘帕斯草原牧民的统称,意思是“孤儿”“流浪者”,性格强悍而狂放。

小说为什么对马乌罗“烙牛”的具体过程不着一字?请简要分析。

答:________________________________________________________________________

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