把一小块钠投入盛有煤油和水的烧杯中，可以观察到的现象是 ( ) A．钠浮在烧杯中

一般资料：求助者，女性，35岁，某学校教师。案例介绍：求助者对人热情，乐于助人，其丈夫经营一家公司，收入颇丰，因此在经济上经常帮助他人。求助者与一位同事关系良好，过去曾多次帮助她，但近来两人产生矛盾。求助者非常生气，内心很痛苦，主动来进行心理咨询。下面是心理咨询师与求助者的一段咨询谈话。心理咨询师：你能详细地说说你生气的原因吗？求助者：我以前和这位同事关系很好，那年她丈夫出了车祸，肇事司机逃逸了，我借给她七八万为她丈夫治疗，很长时间都没归还。前些日子我母亲突发心脏病要住院，我那天偏偏忘了带钱，可巧的是那天正好发了教师节补助，我就向她借钱，我说了第二天就可以还给她，可她居然支支吾吾的没有借给我。我当时没多想，赶紧向其他人借，为此险些耽误我妈治病。后来我越想越不对劲，我可以借钱给你，你就不能把钱借我救救急？她怎么能这样对我啊！我越想越生气，什么人啊！怎么这么自私啊！为这些事我们之间发生了矛盾，现在搞得关系很紧张。心理咨询师：我听明白了，您过去经常帮助她，可在您需要时她并没有帮助你，这让您非常生气，是这样吗？求助者：是的。心理咨询师：咱们前面已经商定了咨询目标，现在看看怎么减轻您的愤怒情绪吧。求助者：好吧。心理咨询师：是您的同事不借给您钱使您生气吗？求助者：那当然是，如果当时她把钱借给我，我怎么会生气？心理咨询师：我听明白了，按您所说，您把钱借给别人，别人也应该把钱借给您。求助者：是的，大家相互帮助嘛，她怎么这样不懂事！心理咨询师：因此您信奉的是一个人对别人怎样，别人就必须对他怎样。求助者：对啊，来而无往，非礼也。心理咨询师：因此，别人对您怎样，您肯定对别人怎样。求助者：对，……不对，（沉默）好像也不是，我初恋男友后来曾经找过我，希望重新来过，经常给我送花，还送名贵的项链，他那时对我挺好的，可我没有对他好。心理咨询师：您刚讲过一个人对别人怎样，别人就必须对他怎样，而您又讲了您的初恋男友后来对您很好，可您并没有对他好，这似乎有些矛盾，您能解释一下吗？求助者：（沉默）……我那时已经结婚了，怎么能再对他好呢？心理咨询师：您看，实际上别人对您怎样，您并没有对他怎样。求助者：好像是的。心理咨询师：都是怎样对待他人的问题，您的要求和做法有些矛盾，您能再解释一下吗？求助者：您的意思是我没有对初恋男友好，表明别人怎样对我，我也可以不怎样对他？心理咨询师：您说呢？求助者：（自语）难道真是这样吗？我把钱借给别人，别人难道可以不把钱借给我？心理咨询师：您认为您生气是由于您的同事没有借给您钱造成的，其实借钱只是一个事件，您要求别人必须像您怎样对她那样对待您，这是您的信念。您的信念有些是合理的，有些是不合理的，不同的信念会导致不同的情绪状态。您现在的情绪是您的不合理信念造成的，通过改变它，您就能改变自己的情绪。求助者：真会这样么？心理咨询师：如果把一枚硬币抛向天空，落回来时是怎样的？求助者：当然是有两种，不，三种可能，一种字朝上，一种徽朝上，还有一种立着不倒。心理咨询师：当您提出要求时，是不是就像把硬币抛向天空一样？求助者：我好像有些明白了，本来有多种可能的事，我就只要求一种？心理咨询师：您对别人提出要求，要求他们必须听您的，这是一种绝对化的要求，一种不合理的信念。如果我们把对别人的"要求"变成"希望"，当我们不希望的事发生时，最多是一种失望，不会过分的怨恨别人，自己也就不会生气了。求助者：您讲的很对，我应该接受她把钱借给我，也应该接受她不借。

本案例中，心理咨询师的咨询目标应该是帮助求助者（）。

A.建立良好关系

B.解决情绪困扰

C.构建良好个性

D.促进自我实现

在企业中，既存在物流顾问部门，又存在物流业务部门，并且它们均受物流（总）部的管理，顾问部门对业务部门没有管理和指挥权，只负责对物流（总）部提供决策性的建议，运作部门受物流（总）部的直接指挥，这样一种物流组织结构属于（）物流组织结构。

A.顾问式

B.直线式

C.直线顾问式

D.矩阵式

汇编语言源程序经汇编后不能直接生成的文件类型是()。

A．OBJ文件

B．LST文件

C．CBF文件

D．EXE文件

阅读理解。

     When did you last visit a shopping mall? In many places, the answer would be "last weekend." Some

people go even more often. Why? For one thing, malls offer goods and services that people need all in one

place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services. So, are malls one of the

highlights of modern civilization? Environmental activists would say No! They would go even further and

say that consumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster. They cause consumers of ignorance

of the side effect of their shopping-urban sprawl (扩大).

     Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a great deal in the last

half century. Prior to 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public

transportation. Only very wealthy people had automobiles. Farmers lived in rural areas or isolated villages

and came into town only when they needed things they couldn't produce themselves. If you gazed at the

landscape you would see towns surrounded by countryside. Then a massive change occurred.

     Automobiles became affordable and people were quick to adopt them. Now ambitious workers could live

in the suburbs, the areas just outside cities, which started to grow rapidly. As long as there was lots of cheap

land in the suburbs, no one paid much attention to the usage of that land. Malls, fast food restaurants, cinemas,

and car dealerships spread out in large, flat buildings. These one-storey buildings and their parking lot took up

a great deal space. Well-meaning farmers thought they were better off selling their land than growing crops.

In ignorance, no one realized that once the land was built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land would

be ruined forever. There was no way to preserve it.

     Only in recent years have people come to mourn the old way of life as they have developed insight into the

problems of unconditional grows. Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental

problems. The negative aspects of sprawl include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams,

and the death of businesses in the old town centers. Many scholars think the time has come to analyze the

problems better so we can develop appropriate policies to control further sprawl. Some think the best way to

do is to educate citizens about their priceless environment.

1. What is mainly discussed in the passage?

A. Weekend Fun.

B. Urban Sprawl.

C. New Automobiles.

D. Isolated Villages.

2. What does the underlined word "They" refer to in the first paragraph?

A. Malls.

B. Activists.

C. Farmers.

D. Scientists.

3. Who do activists blame for environmental problems?

A. Endangered animals.

B. Shopping mall owners.

C. Unthinking shoppers.

D. Ambitious farmers.

4. What do scholars think should be done about urban sprawl?

A. Understand the situations better.

B. Follow customary policies.

C. Start school in shopping mails.

D. Charge polluters a lot of money.

5. What is the scholars' attitude toward urban sprawl?

A. Respectful.

B. Disapproving.

C. Pessimistic.

D. Doubtful.

回收式自身输血的副作用不包括（）。

A.溶血倾向

B.细菌感染

C.肾功能不全

D.暴发性肝炎

E.出血倾向