Wir kochen selbst , weil man dadurch eine

One of the good things for men in women’’s liberation is that men no longer have to pay women the old-fashioned courtesies.In an article on the new manners, Ms. Holmes says that a perfectly able woman no longer has to act helplessly in public as if she were a model. For example, she doesn’’t need getting in and out of cars. "Women get in and out cars twenty times a day with babies and dogs. Surely they can get out by themselves at night just as easily."She also says there is no reason why a man should walk on the outside of a woman on the sidewalk. "Historically, the man walked on the inside so he caught the garbage thrown out of a window. Today a man is supposed to walk where he wants so. So should a woman. If, out of love and respect, he actually wants to take the blows, he should walk on the inside — because that’’s where attackers are all hiding these days."As far as manners are concerned, I suppose I have always been a supporter of women’’s liberation. Over the years, out of a sense of respect, I imagine, I have refused to trouble women with outdated courtesies.It is usually easier to follow rules of social behavior than to depend on one’’s own taste. But rules may be safely broken, of course, by those of us with the gift of natural grace. For example, when a man and woman are led to their table in a restaurant and the waiter pulls out a chair, the woman is expected to sit in the chair. That is according to Ms. Ann Clark. I have always done it the other way, according to my wife.It came up only the other night, I followed the hostess to the table, and when she pulled the chair out I sat on it, quite naturally, since it happened to be the chair I wanted to sit in."Well," my wife said, when the hostess had gone, "you did it again.""Did what " I asked, utterly confused."Took the chair."Actually, since I’’d walked through the restaurant ahead of my wife, it would have been awkward, I should think, not to have taken the chair. I had got there first, after all. Also, it has always been my custom to get in a car first and let the woman get in by herself. This is a courtesy I insist on as the per sex, out love and respect. In times like these, there might be attackers hidden about. It would be unsuitable to put a woman in a car and then shut the door on her, leaving her at the mercy of some bad fellow who might be hiding in the back seat.

The author was "utterly confused" because he__________.

A．took the chair out of habit

B．was trying to be polite

C．was slow in understanding

D．had forgotten what he did

阅读材料，回答问题。

材料一 明成祖在位时，大学士职官的设立，填补了皇帝和帝国官僚体制之间的空白，大学士开始在政策问题上备皇帝顾问，这些措施都没有背离明太祖建国的任何基本制度上的设想；相反地倒是弥补了现存制度的缺陷，它们在发挥新出现的皇帝的内廷助手内阁的职能时制度化了。这些炙手可热的翰林学士开始成为皇帝的主要顾问和作为皇帝与官僚政制之间的承上启下的人，他们常常和六部主管官员开联席会议审议国事，他们逐渐地左右了外廷的六部，内阁似乎恢复了以前中书省的气象。

——摘自（美）牟复礼《剑桥中国明代吏》

材料二 英国光荣革命后，内阁会议由英王主持，全部行 * * 是由国王及其任命的政府大臣来掌握的，这些大臣完全对国王负责。1701年议会通过法案，规定：凡是国王的诏令必须由同意这一诏令的政府大臣签署才能生效。1717年之后，英王不再主持并逐渐不参加内阁会议，开始形成由下院多数党领袖任首相、主持内阁会议的惯例，1721年沃波尔成为英国第一任内阁首相，后来他的政策在下议院失去多数的信任而被迫宣告辞职，从而开创了一个重要的宪法上的先例：凡内阁失去下议院的多数的信任，即告辞职。1784年，内阁首相小威廉·庇特试图通过改革内阁来抑制国王乔治三世的个人专制，起先未得到下议院赞同，庇特便解散下议院重新进行选举，结果他得到新议员们的支持，得以继续主持内阁17年。自此之后，在英国又开创了一个先例：倘若内阁在下议院失去多数议员的信任，它可以解散它，重新选举，如果新议员们对这一内阁表示信任，就可以继续执政，否则就应辞职，而让下议院的多数派去组阁。

——摘自潘润涵《简明世界近代史》

（1）根据材料一并结合所学知识，指出明朝内阁制建立的主要政治影响。比较明朝内阁与前代中书省的权力区别。

（2）根据材料二，指出光荣革命后近百年英国君主立宪政体演变的主要阶段特征和发展趋势。

（3）根据材料一、二并结合所学知识，比较明朝内阁制与英国君主立宪制的主要异同点。

牙周疾病的二级预防不包括（）

A.早期发现

B.牙周洁治

C.X线检查

D.牙周手术

E.重建功能

下列关于对刑事法律责任中，双罚制的建立对处罚单位犯罪较为合理的理由表述中不正确的是( )。

A．有利于我国刑罚体系中其他刑罚的实施，是其实施的基础
B．双罚制是对单位组织所实施的犯罪行为进行全面的综合性处罚
C．与我国刑法中关于主刑和附加刑可以同时使用的精神是相吻合的，其体现了我国刑罚体系的特点
D．其建立对于单位犯罪的预防具有积极的重要作用，有利实现我国的刑法目的

下列属瘀血所致病证之特征的是（）

A.胁肋胀痛

B.肿块时聚时散

C.疼痛如针刺

D.出血色淡清稀

E.舌淡苔滑