试题与答案

阅读并回答问题。 谈“忍” ①不知从何时起,“忍”成了当今社会的一种时尚:一些

题型:阅读理解与欣赏

题目:

阅读并回答问题。

谈“忍”

  ①不知从何时起,“忍”成了当今社会的一种时尚:一些年轻人穿着印有“忍”字的T恤衫招摇过市,肩膀上、手臂上刺着“忍”字以自我标榜;一些成功人士,也把写有“忍”字的条幅装裱后悬挂在显眼处,以自励自警。

  ②“忍”似乎是中国传统文化极力提倡和宣讲的,无论是儒家、道家还是佛家,都倡导“忍”。但传统文化所提倡的“忍”,并不是一味地叫人忍让、忍受和忍耐,并不是委身以求志,苟且以偷生。今人标榜“忍”,也不仅仅为求得一时的风平浪静、无所作为。相反,它暗含着等待时机的策略、隐而不露的智慧。“面对命运,忍耐似乎是走向成功的不二法门”说的就是这个意思。忍,是在等待中对机会的窥伺,是在冲锋前对自己爆发力的凝聚。因为机会不可能俯拾皆是,它需要认真寻找;力量也不可能随时都有,它需要慢慢积蓄。

  ③“忍”是有大小之分的。韩信受胯下之辱是小忍,司马迁受宫刑后发愤著书是大忍。由此看来,_____________________________。难怪有位名人说“古之成大事者,不唯有超世之才,亦必有坚忍不拔之志”了。

  ④不过“忍”似乎总与寂寞相伴。寂寞是一种环境,是一种历练,耐得住寂寞是做学问、成大事都必须达到的境界。著名学者钱钟书先生在这方面可作为后人的典范。他少年成名,但不为名利所动,而是潜心书斋,求学海外,进一步提高自己。晚年更是能耐得住寂寞,拒不接受各种媒体的采访,不出席各种公共场合。有人看到他的文章后慕名来访,他说:何必非要看到下蛋的鸡呢?他于大都市中避居一角,读书,静思,冷眼旁观人生与社会。他不愿成为主流,成为主流,只能给思考、创作造成累赘。要知道做学问、搞研究是一个非常艰苦的探索过程,需要排除一切外界的干扰和诱惑,需要全身心地投入。倘若背离其正道,醉心于镁光灯下,热衷于出风头,最终只能是一事无成。

  ⑤不可否认的是,“忍”的过程似乎总是痛苦的,总伴随着身心的煎熬。但也唯其如此,才能真正磨砺意志,锤炼本领,增益其所不能,承担起天降斯人之大任。

1.文章开头一段在全文中的作用是什么?

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2.结合上下文,为文章第③段空缺处补写出恰当的语句。

3.结合具体语境,说说文章第④段中画线句子的含意。

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4.文章第④段论述的观点是什么?

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5.根据你对文章第②段中“忍,是在等待中对机会的窥伺”这句话的理解,补写一个实例。

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答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

答案:C

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题型:单项选择题

I came across an old country guide the other day. It listed all the tradesmen in each village in my part of the country, and it was impressive to see the great variety of services which were available on one’s own doorstep in the late Victorian countryside.

Nowadays a superficial traveler in rural England might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the inhabitants or selling antiques to visitors. Nevertheless, this would really be a false impression. Admittedly there has been a contraction of village commerce, but its vigor is still remarkable.

Our local grocer’s shop, for example, is actually expanding in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town. Women sensibly prefer to go there and exchange the local news while doing their shopping, instead of queueing up anonymously at a supermarket. And the proprietor knows well that personal service has a substantial cash value.

His prices may be a bit higher than those in the town, but he will deliver anything at any time. His assistants think nothing of bicycling down the village street in their lunch, hour to take a piece of cheese to an old-age pensioner who sent her order by word of mouth with a friend who happened to be passing. The more affluent customers telephone their shopping lists and the goods are on their doorsteps within an hour. They have only to hint at a fancy for some commodity outside the usual stock and the grocer a red-faced figure, instantly obtains it for them.

The village gains from this sort of enterprise, of course. But I also find it satisfactory because a village shop offers one of the few ways in which a modest individualist can still get along in the world without attaching himself to the big battalions of industry or commerce.

Most of the village shopkeepers I know, at any rate, are decidedly individualist in their ways. For exampie, our shoemaker is a formidable figure: a thick-set, irritable man whom children treat with marked respect, knowing that an ill-judged word can provoke an angry eruption at any time. He stares with contempt at the pairs of cheap, mass-produced shoes taken to him for repair: has it come to this, he seems to be saying, that he, a craftsman, should have to waste his skills upon such trash But we all know he will in fact do excellent work upon them. And he makes beautiful shoes for those who can afford such luxury.

The services available in villages nowadays are()

A. fewer but still very active

B.less successful than earlier but managing to survive

C.active in providing food and antiques

D. surprisingly energetic considering the little demand for them

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