Artificial intelligence (AI) ,an interdisciplinary field, is usually regarded as a branch of computer science, dealing with models and systems for the performance of functions generally associated with human intelligence, such as (71) and learning.
In AI, knowledge-based system is an information (72) system that provides for solving problems in a particular domain or application area by drawing inferences from a knowledge base. Moreover, some knowledge-based systems have learning capabilities.
Expert system (ES) indicates the knowledge-based system that provides for solving problems in a particular domain or application area by drawing inferences from a knowledge base developed from human (73) . Some expert systems are able to (74) their knowledge base and develop new inference rules based on their experience with previous problems. The term "expert system" is sometimes used (75) with "knowledge-based system", but should be taken to emphasize expert knowledge.
（72）处填（）。
A．supervisory
B．manipulating
C．management
D．processing
光传播时，若遇到的障碍物的尺寸比光的波长大很多，衍射现象十分明显，此时不能认为光沿直线传播
在太阳光照射下，水面上油膜出现彩色花纹是光的衍射现象
光导纤维丝内芯材料的折射率比外套材料的折射率大
雨后天边的七色彩虹是光的色散现象