试题与答案

患儿,女,5月,主因"呼吸急促一周"入院。诉近日患儿烦躁不安,呼吸急促,无发热,精神

题型:单项选择题 A3/A4型题

题目:

患儿,女,5月,主因"呼吸急促一周"入院。诉近日患儿烦躁不安,呼吸急促,无发热,精神反应欠佳,喂养困难伴呛咳,吃奶后大汗淋漓。查体:呼吸规则,45次/分,双肺呼吸音粗,未闻及湿性啰音。胸前区隆起,心间搏动有抬举感。心音有力,律齐,胸骨左缘3、4肋间可闻及Ⅱ-Ⅲ/6收缩期杂音。可及细小震颤,第二心音明显亢进。腹部及神经系统未见异常。

若检查发现缺损直径10mm,且紧邻瓣膜,目前首选治疗方案为()

A.抗感染治疗,控制肺部感染

B.强心、利尿等治疗,待一般情况改善后手术

C.急诊行手术治疗

D.介入手术,以减少对患儿的创伤

E.呼吸机辅助呼吸

答案:

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Today, we’ll talk about what other effects watching TV might produce on children. Children should be (1) a lot of television, many experts and parents agree, but there is at least one circumstance when it might be beneficial: (2) . A recent study conducted by Italian researchers found that children (3) immediately preceding and during blood tests experienced less pain than children whose mothers (4) during the procedure, or children whose mothers were present but (5) .
The research, led by Carlo Brown, MD, at the University of Siena, is published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood. (6) the study. None received any type of anesthesia; the children and their mothers (7) . Both the group whose mothers attempted to distract them from the blood tests and those whose mothers simply observed reported (8) than the group who watched cartoons. For that group, the levels of pain were less and the children were better able to (9) .
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However, they stressed that (13) still provided benefits, noting that the children would (14) during the procedures. "Indeed, children state that having their parent present (15) when in pain," say the authors.
Another possibility offered for consideration is the notion that the (16) might release pain-quelling endorphins. Endorphins, (17) produced by the pituitary gland, resemble opiates in their ability to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. In other words, they might (18) .
In any case, the study results suggest that health workers should (19) to watch television during painful procedures (20) .

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