试题与答案

阅读下面两则文言文,完成问题。 [甲]文公伐原①,令②以三日之粮。三日而原不降

题型:阅读理解与欣赏

题目:

阅读下面两则文言文,完成问题。

  [甲]文公伐原,令以三日之粮。三日而原不降,公令疏军而去之。谍出曰:“原不过一二日矣!”军吏以告,公曰:“得原而失信,何以使人?夫信,民之所庇也,不可失也。”乃去之,及孟门,而原请降。(选自《国语·文公伐原》)

[注]①原:原国,姬姓小国。②令:限令。③疏军:撤兵。疏,散、撤。④谍:刺探军情的人。⑤信:信用。⑥庇:庇护,即赖以生存。⑦孟门:原国地名。

  [乙]秦穆公尝出而亡其骏马,自往求之,见人已杀其马,方共食其肉。穆公谓曰:“是吾骏马也。”诸人皆惧而起,穆公曰:“吾闻食骏马肉,不饮酒者杀人。”即以次饮之酒,杀马者皆惭而去。居三年,晋攻秦穆公。围之。往时食马肉者相皆曰:“可以出死,报食马得酒之恩矣。”遂溃围,穆公卒得以解难,胜晋,获惠公以归。此德出而福反也。(选自《说苑》卷六《复恩》)

[注]①秦穆公:春秋五霸之一。②不饮酒者杀人:不喝酒会死人的。③次:次序。④出死:出力(为国君)拼死作战。⑤惠公:晋国国君。

1.解释下列加粗的词。

(1)公令疏军而之    去:________

(2)三年,晋攻秦穆公  居:________

(3)秦穆公尝出而其骏马 亡:________

(4)吾骏马也      是:________

2.下面加粗的词意思完全相同的一组是(   )。

A.公令疏军而去     文公伐原,令以三日

B.文公伐原,令三日之粮 其人之道还治其人之身

C.原而失信,何以使人  所识穷乏者我欤

D.报马得酒之恩矣    马者不知其能千里而食也

3.翻译下面两个句子。

(1)夫信,民之所庇也,不可失也。

译文:_____________________________

(2)此德出而福反也。

译文:_____________________________

4.晋文公和秦穆公都是春秋五霸之一,读了这两则小故事,你认为他们之所以能够成就霸业的主要原因是什么?

___________________________________

5.请简要概括一下晋文公和秦穆公的性格特点。

___________________________________

6.读了这两则故事,你有何感想?请写出你的感想和体悟。

___________________________________

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

设客车的速度是5xm/s,则货车的速度是3xm/s,根据题意得出:290+1905x-3x=1×60,解得:x=4,经检验得x=4是原方程的根,则客车的速度是5×4=20(m/s),故答案为:每秒钟20米.

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