（18分）航天宇航员在月球表面完成了如下实验：如图所示，在月球表面固定一竖直光滑

孕妇患急性肾盂肾炎时首选抗生素（）

A.氯霉素

B.氨苄青霉素

C.红霉素

D.四环素

E.庆大霉素

读沿北回归线的东西向某剖面图，完成下列问题。（9分）

（1）从地质构造上看属于向斜的字母是       ，图中共有个       断层，从地形来看B处属于       

（2）图中的虚线圈F属于板块的       边界。

（3）若开采石油、天然气，应在       处。

（4）若F点处在太平洋板块中，则E点应处在       板块中，E点所在的岛屿为我国的

       岛，该岛多地震的原因是       ；如果G处发生地震，图中地表各点中，地震烈度最大的是       。

气压给水设备具有灵活性大，安装位置不受限制的特点

标本、根结理论能指导针灸临床治疗（）。

A.上病下取

B.以痛为腧

C.左病右取

D.肘膝关节以下穴位治疗脏腑病

E.下病上取

[A] Communication makes both party know more about each other which make an agreement.

[B] The argument itself can not expand knowledge.

[C] Reasonable debate plays a postive role in knowledge adrances

[D] A basic common knowledge mabe contribution to the argument from which people learn something.

[E] Generally, knowledge is gained by argument.

[F] Learning can be interrupted by the argument.

Do we learn more from people whose views we share in common than from those whose ideas contradictors The speaker claims so, for the reason that disagreement can cause stress and inhabit learning. I concede that undue discord can impede learning. Otherwise, in my view we learn far from discourse and debate with those whose ideas we oppose than from people whose ideas are in accord with our own.

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Admittedly, under some circumstances disagreement with others can be counterproductive to learning. For supporting examples, one need look no further than a television set. On today’s typical television or radio talk show, disagreement usually manifests itself in meaningless rhetorical bouts and shouting matches, during which opponents vie to have their own message heard, but have little interest either in finding any common ground with or in acknowledging the merits of the opponent’s viewpoint. Understandably, neither the combatants nor the viewers learn anything meaningful. In fact, these battles only serve to reinforce the predispositions and biases of all concerned. The end result is that learning is impeded.

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Disagreement can also inhibit learning when two opponents disagree on fundamental assumptions needed for meaningful discourse and debate. For example, a student of paleontology learns little about the evolution of an animal species under current study by debating with an individual whose religious belief system precludes the possibility of evolution to begin with. And, economics and finance students learn little about the dynamics of a laissez-faire system by debating with a socialist whose view is that a centralized power should control all economic activity.

43.______

Aside from the foregoing two provisions, however, I fundamentally disagree with the speaker’s claim. Assuming common ground between two rational and reasonable opponents willing to debate on intellectual merits, both opponents stand to gain much from that debate. Indeed it is primarily through such debate that human knowledge advances, whether at the personal, community, or global level.

44.______

At the personal level, by listening to their parents’ rationale for their seemingly oppressive rules and policies, teenagers can learn how certain behaviors naturally carry certain undesirable consequences. At the same time, by listening to their teenagers concerns about autonomy and about peer pressures parents can learn the valuable lesson that effective parenting and control are two different things. At the community level, through dispassionate dialogue an environmental activist can come to understand the legitimate economic concerns of those whose jobs depend on the continued profitable operation of a factory. Conversely, the latter might stand to learn much about the potential public-health price to be paid by ensuring job growth and a low unemployment rate. Finally, at the global level , two nations with opposing political or economic interests can reach mutually beneficial agreements by striving to understand the other’s legitimate concerns for its national security, its political sovereignty, the stability of its economy and currency, and so forth.

45.______

In sum, unless two opponents in a debate are each willing to play on the same field and by the same rules, I concede that disagreement can impede learning. Otherwise, reasoned discourse and debate between people with opposing viewpoints is the very foundation upon which human knowledge advances. Accordingly, on balance the speaker is fundamentally correct.

42（）