重型起重设备的工业厂房，一般应选用（）。 A.单层工业厂房 B.多层工业厂房 C.混

  (19分)

生命的三分之一

邓 拓

①一个人的生命究竟有多大意义,这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难;但是,大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真,看他对待劳动、工作等的态度如何,也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。

②古来一切有成就的人,都很严肃地对待自己的生命,当他活着一天,总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习,不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等都莫不如此。

③班固写的《汉书食货志》上有下面的记载: “冬,民既入;妇人同巷,相从夜绩,女工一月得四十五日。”

④这几句读起来很奇怪,怎么一月能有四十五天呢?再看原文底下颜师古做了注解,他说: “一月之中,又得夜半为十五日,共四十五日。”

⑤这就很清楚了。原来我国的古人不但比西方各国的人更早地懂得科学地、合理地计算劳动日,而且我们的古人老早就知道对于日班和夜班的计算方法。

⑥一个月本来只有三十天,古人把每个夜晚的时间算做半日,就多了十五天。从这个意义上说来,夜晚的时间实际上不就等于生命的三分之一吗?

⑦对于这三分之一的生命,不但历代的劳动人民如此重视,而且有许多大政治家也十分重视。班固在《汉书刑法志》里还写道:

⑧“秦始皇躬操文墨,昼断狱,夜理书。”

⑨有的人一听说秦始皇就不喜欢他,其实秦始皇毕竟是中国历史上的一个伟大人物,班固对他也还有一些公平的评价。这里写的是秦始皇在夜间看书学习的情形。

⑩据刘向的《说苑》所载,春秋战国时有许多国君都很注意学习。如:

11“晋平公问于师旷曰:吾年七十,欲学恐已暮矣。师旷曰:何不秉烛乎?”

12在这里,师旷劝七十岁的晋平公点灯夜读,拼命抢时间,争取这三分之一的生命不至于继续浪费,这种精神多么可贵啊!

13《北史吕思礼传》记述这个北周大政治家生平勤学的情形是:

14“虽务兼军国,而手不释卷。昼理政事,夜即读书,令苍头执烛,烛烬夜有数升。”

15光是烛灰一夜就有几升之多,可见他夜读何等勤奋了。像这样的例子还有很多。

16为什么古人对于夜晚的时间都这样重视,不肯轻轻放过呢?我认为这就是他们对待自己生命的三分之一的严肃认真态度,这正是我们所应该学习的。

17我之所以想利用夜晚的时间,向读者同志们做这样的谈话,目的也不过是要引起大家注意珍惜这三分之一的生命,使大家在整天的劳动、工作以后,以轻松的心情,领略一些古今有用的知识而已。

小题1:本文的中心论点是什么?(请从原文中找)(2分)

小题2:文章第②段、第⑦段与第17段在结构上各起什么作用?(3分)

小题3:这段文字在论证时颇具特色:每一个论据都引自古籍,同时又是一个具体的事例,这样将       论据       与       论据相结合,使得论述过程           ,大大增强了议论文的         。(4分)

小题4:第16段采用了什么修辞手法?在文中有怎样的表达效果?(5分)

小题5:本文选自《燕山夜话》。《燕山夜话》是邓拓同志为《北京晚报》副刊《五色土》开设的杂文专栏。这个专栏从1961年3月19日开始,到1962年9月2日结束,共发表了杂文一百五十二篇。这些杂文由于旗帜鲜明,爱憎分明,切中时弊而又短小精悍,妙趣横生,寓意深刻,一开始就受到广大读者的欢迎和支持。今天,半个世纪过去了,我们在阅读本文时仍感受益良多:明晰精巧的结构、洗练浅显的语言、极具知识性的内容、简单而又深刻的主旨……请从这四个角度中任选一个,结合文章具体内容或者自身生活实际,谈一谈阅读感受。(120字左右)(5分)

阅读理解。

     I always felt sorry for the people in wheelchair. Some people, old and weak, can not get around by

themselves. Others seem perfectly healthy, dressed in business suits. But whenever I saw someone in

a wheelchair, I only saw a disability, not a person.

     Then I fainted at Euro Disney due to low blood pressure. This was the first time I had ever fainted,

and my parents said that I must rest for a while after First aid. I agreed to take it easy but, as I stepped

towards the door, I saw my dad pushing a wheelchair in my direction! Feeling the color burn my cheeks,

I asked him to wheel that thing right back to where he found it.

     I could not believe this was happening to me. Wheelchairs were fine for other people but not for me,

as my father wheeled me out into the main street, people immediately began to treat me differently.

     Little kids ran in front of me, forcing my father to stop the wheelchair suddenly. Bitterness set in as 

I was thrown back and forth. "Stupid kids-they have perfectly good legs. Why can't they watch where

they are going?" I thought. People stared down at me,with pity in their eyes. Then they would look away,

maybe because they thought the sooner they forgot me, the better.

     "I am just like you!" I wanted to scream. "The only difference is you've got legs, and I have wheels."

     People in wheelchairs are not stupid. They see every look and hear each word. Looking out at the faces,

I finally understood: I was once just like them. I treated people in wheelchairs exactly the way they did not

want to be treated. I realized it is some of us with two healthy legs who are truly disabled.

1. The author once ____ when he was healthy.

A. laughed at disabled people

B. looked down upon disabled people

C. imagined herself sitting in a wheelchair

D. saw some healthy people moving around in wheelchairs

2. Facing the wheelchair for the first time, the author ____.

A. felt curious about it

B. got ready to move around in it right away

C. refused to accept it right away

D. thought it was ready for his father

3. The experience of the author tells us that "____".

A. life is the best teacher

B. people often eat their bitter fruit

C. life is so changeable that nobody can foretell

D. one should not do to others what he would not like others do to him

4. Which is the best title for this passage?

A. How to Get Used to Wheelchairs

B. The Wheels Are as Good as Two Legs

C. People with Two Legs Are Truly Healthy

D. The Difference between Healthy People and the Disabled

花园式住宅

敬业是对职业责任和职业荣誉等有了深刻理解后所表现出来的行为态度。

慢性支气管炎与肺结核相鉴别。