为避免药物肝首过作用，宜制成的片剂是（） A.咀嚼片 B.多层片 C.分散片 D.舌

Senator Barack Obama likes to joke that the battle for the Democratic presidential nomination has been going on so long, babies have been born, and they’ re already walking and talking. That’s nothing. The battle between the sciences and the humanities has been going on for so long, its early participants have stopped walking and talking, because they’re already dead.

It’s been some 50 years since the physicist-turned-novelist C. P. Snow delivered his famous "Two Cultures" lecture at the University of Cambridge, in which he decried the "gulf of mutual incomprehension", the "hostility and dislike" that divided the world’s "natural scientists", its chemists, engineers, physicists and biologists, from its "literary intellectuals", a group that, by Snow’s reckoning, included pretty much everyone who wasn’t a scientist. His critique set off a frenzy of desperation that continues to this day, particularly’in the United States, as educators, policymakers and other observers lament the Balkanization of knowledge, the scientific illiteracy of the general public and the chronic academic turf wars that are all too easily lampooned.

Yet a few scholars believe that the cultural chasm can be bridged and the sciences and the humanities united into a powerful new discipline that would apply the strengths of both mindsets, the quantitative and qualitative, to a wide array of problems. Among the most ambitious of these exercises in fusion thinking is a program under development at Binghamton University in New York called the New Humanities Initiative.

Jointly conceived by David Sloan Wilson, a professor of biology, and Leslie Heywood, a professor of English, the program is intended to build on some of the themes explored in Dr. Wilson’s evolutionary studies program, which has proved enormously popular with science and nonscience majors alike, and which he describes in the recently published "Evolution for Everyone". In Dr. Wilson’s view, evolutionary biology is a discipline that, to be done right, demands a crossover approach, the capacity to think in narrative and abstract terms simultaneously, so why not use it as a template for emulsifying the two cultures generally "There are more similarities than differences between the humanities and the sciences, and some of the stereotypes have to be altered," Dr. Wilson said, "Darwin, for example, established his entire evolutionary theory on the basis of his observations of natural history, and most of that information was qualitative, not quantitative. "

As he and Dr. Heywood envision the program, courses under the New Humanities rubric would be offered campus-wide, in any number of departments, including history, literature, philosophy, sociology, law and business. The students would be introduced to basic scientific tools like statistics and experimental design and to liberal arts staples like the importance of analyzing specific texts or documents closely, identifying their animating ideas and comparing them with the texts of other immortal minds.

Which of the following would be the best title for the text（）

A.Curriculum Designed to Unite Art and Science

B. A Better Scholar who Abandoned Physics for Novel

C. A Disastrous War between Science and Humanities

D. Dr. Wilson’s Contribution to the American Education

商主体的设立、变更、合并、撤销、增加资本、减少资本等事项必须登记，否则不产生法律效力。这体现了商法的( )

A．强制主义

B．公示主义

C．外观主义

D．严格主义

保税货物与减免税货物的区别有( )。

A．性质不同

B．货物范围不同

C．海关手续不同

D．海关监管方式不同

编制船舶积载计划过程中若遇同时满足多项要求有困难时，可不考虑（）。

A．保证货运质量

B．满足船体强度的要求

C．保证船舶具有适度的稳性

D．便于理货

阅读下列材料，回答问题。

材料一：……很多人认为这种制度已经成为经济发展和国家生存的障碍。……为了保持俄罗斯的大国地位，沙皇政府着手开始了一项改革计划。……社会改革为政府发起的工业化进程铺平了道路，使俄罗斯社会在十九世纪最后十年发生转型。

材料二：……日本的新统治者致力于日本社会的转型，以获得同外国势力在政治和军事上的平等地位。……变革使日本成为东亚的政治、军亨和经济强国……明治政府的首要目标是强化中央集权……——以上两则材料均摘自杰里·齐格勒（新全球史）（第三版）下

请回答：

（1）材料一中“这种制度”指的是什么？材料一中“社会改革”指的是俄国历史上的什么事件？

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（2）材料二中“变革”指的是什么历史事件？为了实现材料二中的“首要目标”，日本政府采取了什么措施？

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（3）综合以上材料，结合所学知识，分析这两次改革对这两国的共同作用。

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