什么叫管理幅度与管理层次？它们的影响因素是什么？

生命是由一秒、一分、一小时累积起来的，因此（   ）

A．我们现在还小，浪费一点时间没有关系

B．我们要学会珍惜时间

C．浪费时间的行为是不可取的

D．充分利用时间可以最大限度地发掘自我生命的潜力

“低碳环保”是实现可持续发展的必然要求.为此经国务院批准,国家财政部和税务

总局发布通知,自2011年1月1日起,停止执行对1．6升及以下排量乘用车辆购置税优惠政策、汽车下乡补贴和以旧换新补贴政策.这一政策的调整能够

①改善收入分配关系                   ②缓解资源、环境与交通压力

③促进产业结构优化                   ④转变经济发展方式

A．①②

B．②③

C．②④

D．③④

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be 21  him. I hated the place .I had never  22  been so unhappy . My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was  23  -almost 125 0F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)。 24  a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were  25   with sand , sand , sand !

I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was  26   and coming back home.I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer. I  27  be in prison! My father answered my  28  with just two lines-two lines that will always sing in my  29  - two lines that completely changed my life :

Two men looked out from prison bars

One saw the mud ,the other saw the stars

I read those two lines  30   I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present  31  ; I would look for the stars

I made friends with the natives,and their  32  amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had  33  to sell to toueists . I studied the delightful forms of the cactus .I watched for the desert sunsets,and  34  for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean  35 

What brought about this  36   change in me ? The desert hadn’t changed , 37   I had .I had changed my  38   And by doing so ,I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing  39  of my life . I was excited by this new world that I had dicovered I had looked out of my self-creatded prison and  40   the stars

35（）

A.floor

B.surface

C.rock

D.level

PM2．5是指大气中直径小于或等于2．5微米的颗粒物，也叫可入肺颗粒物，与肺癌、哮喘等疾病的发生密切相关，是灰霾天气的主要原因，它主要来自化石燃料的燃烧（如机动车尾气、燃煤）等，下列与PM 2．5相关的说法不正确的是  [ ]

A.大力发展电动车，减少燃油汽车的尾气排放量   

B.开发利用各种新能源，减少对化石燃料的依赖   

C.多环芳烃是强致癌物，能吸附在PM 2．5的表面进入人体   

D.PM 2．5含有的铅、镉、铬、钒、砷等对人体有害的元素均是金属元素 

扑救油罐火灾，必须遵守（）原则。

A.先控制，后扑灭

B.先冷却，后灭火

C.先扑灭，后控制

D.先灭火，后冷却