理论流变学

阅读理解。

     Land Art, sometimes referred to as Earth Art or Earthworks, is a form of art which involves using physical

landscapes to create art, taking art out of the museum and into the outside world. Modern Land Art movement

really got going in the 1960s, when American artists began creating Land Art on a large scale (规模). Today,

works of modern Land Art can be seen all over the world, sometimes right alongside much older pieces of

Land Art created by people who lived thousands of years ago.

     Land art, which is not necessarily unchangeable, can take a number of forms. For example, in 1970 Robert

Smithson created the Spiral Jetty (螺旋码头), made of a collection of stones and mud, in the Great Salt Lake.

The American artist made a large jetty in a spiral shape which sticks out into the waters of the lake.

     Reshaping the landscape is a common characteristic of Land Art. It can be created by moving parts around. People can also add things to the environment to create Land Art, like salt, which is added to the Spiral Jetty. It

is possible to use plants. In all cases, Land Art is immovable.

     Land Art is designed to gradually form, change, and eventually decay (衰落). That's one of the biggest

differences between Land Art and most of the art one sees in the museums. Some works of art can exist only

for a few hours or days. Others are exposed to rain and wind so that they develop and decay over time, which

is part of the attractiveness in the eyes of the artists.

1. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that _____.

A. Land Art aims to get people interested in nature

B. American artists were the first to create Land Art

C. Land Art was the most popular art in the 1960s

D. people have been creating Land Art for thousands of years

2. All of the following are used to design the Spiral Jetty EXCEPT ______.

A. plants

B. stones

C. salt

D. mud

3. Which of the following statements about Robert Smithson is TRUE?

A. He made the most famous Land Art.

B. He is an American artist.

C. He is a pioneer in creating Land Art.

D. He lives near the Great Salt Lake.

4. Land Art is attractive to the artists partly because ______.

A. it makes use of the landscape around

B. it offers the artists a chance to change nature

C. it will develop and be destroyed gradually by natural processes

D. it shows the extreme beauty of nature because artists use natural material

关于价值工程的相关叙述中，不正确的是______。

A．价值工程又称为价值分析
B．价值的高低可以用价值指数(V)来反映
C．价值指数(V)的表达公式为V=C/F
D．价值工程是以最低的寿命周期费用，可靠地实现必要的功能，着重于产品或作业的功能分析的有组织的活动

统计台帐

在计算营业税应纳税额时，纳税人的营业额超过起征点的，仅就超过起征点的部分征税。 ( )

搜索下的ABC.XLS文件，然后将其复制到考生文件夹下的LAB文件夹中。