急性软组织扭伤的处理，下列哪项是错误的A．早期冷敷B．24～48h后热敷C．2周后体

Passage Two

In its modem form the concept of "literature" did not emerge earlier than the eighteenth century and was not fully developed until the nineteenth century. Yet the conditions for its emergence had been developing since the Renaissance. The word itself came into English use in the fourteenth century, following French and Latin precedents; its root was Latin littera, a letter of the alphabet. Litterature, in the common early spelling, was then in effect a condition of reading: of being able to read and of having read. It was often close to the sense of modem literacy, which was not in the language until the late nineteenth century, its introduction in part made necessary by the movement ofliteratureto a different sense. The normal adjective associated with literature was literate. Literary appeared in the sense of reading ability and experience in the seventeenth century, and did not acquire its specialized modem meaning until the eighteenth century.

Literature as a new category was then a specialization of the area formerly categorized as rhetoricand grammar: a specialization to reading and, in the material context of the development of printing, to the printed word and especially the book. It was eventually to become a more general category than poetry or the earlier poesy, which had been general terms for imaginative composition, but which in relation to the development of literature became predominantly specialized, from the seventeenth century, to metrical composition and especially written and printed metrical composition. But literature was never primarily the active composition—the " making"—which poetry had described. As reading rather than writing, it was a category of a different kind. The characteristic use can be seen in Bacon "learned in all literature and erudition, divine and humane"—and as late asJohnson "he had probably more than common literature, as his son addresses him in one of his most elaborate Latin poems." Literature, that is to say, was a category of use and condition rather than of production. It was a particular specialization of what had hither to been seen as an activity or practice, and a specialization, in the circumstances, which was inevitably made in terms of social class. In its first extended sense, beyond the bare sense of "literacy," it was a definition of "polite" or "humane" learning, and thus specified a particular social distinction. New political concepts of the "nation" and new valuations of the "vernacular" interacted with a persistent emphasis on "literature" as reading in the "classical" languages. But still, in this first stage, into the eighteenth century, literaturewas primarily a generalized social concept, expressing a certain (minority) level of educational achievement. This carded with it a potential and eventually realized alternative definition of literatureas "printed books:" the objects in and through which this achievement was demonstrated.

It is important that, within the terms of this development, literature normally included all printed books. There was not necessary specialization to "imaginative" works. Literature was still primarily reading ability and experience, and this included philosophy, history, and essays as well as poems. Were the new eighteenth century novels literature That question was first approached, not by definition of their mode or content, but by reference to the standards of "polite" or "humane" learning. Was drama literature This question was to exercise successive generations, not because of any substantial difficulty but because of the practical limits of the category. If literature was reading, could a mode written for spoken performance be said to be literature, and if not, where was Shakespeare

At one level the definition indicated by this development has persisted. Literature lost its earliest sense of reading ability and reading experience, and became an apparently objective category of printed works of a certain quality. The concerns of a "literary editor" or a "literary supplement" would still be defined in this way. But three complicating tendencies can then be distinguished: first, a shift from "learning" to "taste" or "sensibility" as a criterion defining literary quality; second, an increasing specialization of literature to "creative" or "imaginative" works; third, a development of the concept of "tradition" within national terms, resulting in the more effective definition of "a national literature." The source of each of these tendencies can be discerned from the Renaissance, but it was in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that they came through most powerfully, until they became, in the twentieth century, in effect received assumptions.

What is the earliest adjective associated with literature ？（）

A．Literary.

B．Literate.

C．Literacy.

D．Literal.

根据《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》的规定，县级以上人民政府及其民政部门应当根据需要设立救助场所，对流浪乞讨等生活无着落的未成年人实施救助，承担（）。

A.临时监护责任

B.委托监护责任

C.教育管理责任

D.收留抚养责任

下列有关建设项目环境影响评价文件审批的说法中，正确的是( )。

A．建设项目可能造成跨行政区域的不良环境影响，有关环境保护行政主管部门对该项目的环境影响评价结论有争议的，其环境影响评价文件由共同的上一级环境保护行政主管部门审批
B．实行审批制的建设项目，建设单位应当在提交项目申请报告前完成环境影响评价文件报批手续
C．直辖市行政区域的建设项目的环境影响评价文件的审批权限，应由直辖市人民政府规定
D．建设项目的环境影响评价文件未经法律规定的审批部门审查或者审查后未予批准的，建设单位可以先开工建设

批评和自我批评是解决党内矛盾的有力武器，也是保持党的肌体健康的有力武器。

组合开关由一对常闭、常开触头组成。（）