惠更斯-菲涅尔原理

苏伊士运河沟通了[ ]

A、黑海和地中海

B、地中海和大西洋

C、红海和阿拉伯海

D、红海和地中海

患者朱某因阑尾炎住院，医生甲认为应当立即手术，朱某不同意，要求保守治疗。至第二天晚间，发生阑尾炎穿孔，急行手术。术者医生乙告知患者，由于没及时手术，已形成严重腹膜炎，后遗症难免。术后几天中，朱某一直腹痛。主治医生丙认为是腹膜炎所致，未予特殊处理。后发现是腹内遗留一把止血钳所致。

②对造成术后腹痛这一后果应承担责任的是

A．患者朱某

B．医生甲

C．术者乙

D．主治医生丙

E．以上都不是

阅读理解。

     Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New research has determined

that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.

     Kristy vanMarle, professor of the University of Missouri, has determined that contrary to what

previous studies have shown, infants (婴儿)are able to quantify substances (物质)-like sand or water-as

early as 10 months. As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough, infants will

choose the larger amount, especially when it comes to food.

     With the assistance of her team researchers, vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by

presenting them with two cups: one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger

amount. Consistently, the babies chose the larger amount.

     "Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that infants are very good at telling how

many objects they see; however, infants don't seem to count things like water or sand," vanMarle said.

"What we're saying is that they can quantify substances; it's just much harder. The infants can see how

much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories. They decide which amount is larger,

and they almost always select the larger one."

     This information further refutes (驳斥) the long-held idea that babies "know nothing of the world,"

vanMarle said.

     "Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures, we've discovered a lot of

early abilities. I think for parents, it should be exciting to know that there's somebody in there that has

some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world, and that knowledge is guiding their development,"

vanMarle said.

     In the future, vanMarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child's progress in math-related

skills, although programs marketed to increase those abilities, such as "Baby Einstein," still have mixed

reviews when it comes to academic study.

1. The quantifying ability refers to the ability to     ___.

A. choose between different substances

B. get much knowledge of the world

C. describe the quantity of something

D. obtain math-related skill

2. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?

A. The process of doing research.

B. The scientific findings.

C. The final choice of infants.

D. The observation of infants' behavior.

3. We can learn from the text that     .

A. some parents don't care about their kids

B. people used to think the world is known to babies

C. little research has been done on infants

D. some scholars disagree on baby-training programs

4. What's the best title of the text?

A. Breakthrough in Baby Studies

B. Amazing Baby-training Ideas

C. Early Human Abilities

D. Unique Quantifying Methods

科技部诚信办公室组织专家编写的《科研活动诚信指南》中就“数据的收集与使用”提出的科研人员规范是（）。

A.收集数据时可灵活参照实验室操作规程和数据采集规范。

B.可以有选择地记录数据以获得特定的结果。

C.使用涉及个人隐私的数据，必须获得受试者或其监护人的知情同意。

D.使用他人未发表的数据时可不明确说明数据来源。