阅读理解。
Decision-thinking is not unlike it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think what you think they think you think. The mental process (过程) is similar. Naturally, this card game has often
been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers.
The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular, he
showed that all games fall into two classes; there are what he called games of 'perfect information', games like
chess where the players can't hide anything or play tricks; they don't win by chance, but by means of logic and
skills. Then there are games of 'imperfect information', like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance
that one course of action is better than another.
One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the
reverse Business, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business
decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors (因素), best poker players. But few
business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that
they are playing chess, not poker.
1. The subject discussed in this text is ______.
A. the process of reaching decisions
B. the difference between poker and chess.
C. the secret of making good business plans
D. the value of information in winning games
2. An important factor in a game of imperfect information is _______.
A. rules
B. luck
C. time
D. ideas
3. Which of the following can be used in place of "Quite the reverse"?
A. Quite right.
B. True enough.
C. Most unlikely.
D. Just the opposite.
4. In the writer's opinion, when making business decisions one should _______.
A. put perfect information before imperfect information
B. accept the existence of unknown factors
C. regard business as a game of chess
D. mix known and unknown factors
