试题与答案

某同学设计了一个探究电容器所带电荷量与电容器两极间电压关系的实验，实验电路如图6

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题型：选择题

题目：

某同学设计了一个探究电容器所带电荷量与电容器两极间电压关系的实验，实验电路如图6甲所示，其中P为电流传感器，V为电阻很大的电压表。实验时，先将开关S1闭合，单刀双掷开关S2掷向a，调节滑动变阻器的滑动头到某位置使电容器C充电，当电路达到稳定后记录理想电压表的示数。再迅速将开关S2掷向b，使电容器放电。电流传感器P将电容器充、放电过程中的电流数据传送给计算机，在计算机上可显示出电流i随时间t变化的图象如图乙所示。然后改变滑动变阻器滑动头的位置，重复上述步骤，记录多组电流随时间变化的图象和电压表的示数。对于这个实验过程和由图象及数据所得出的结果，下列说法中正确的是（   ）

A．流过电流传感器P的充电电流和放电电流方向相同

B．图乙中的第①段（充电阶段）电流曲线与横轴所围图形的面积表示电容器充电结束时所带的电荷量

C．电容器充电结束时所带电荷量随电容器充电结束时两极间电压变化的关系图象应为一条过原点的倾斜直线

D．电容器充电结束时所带电荷量与滑动变阻器滑动头的位置无关

答案：

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下面是错误答案，用来干扰机器的。

参考答案：对

考点：实验：伏安法测电阻实验：练习使用示波器实验：测绘小灯泡的伏安特性曲线实验：探究影响导体电阻的因素
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