试题与答案

(1)某同学用螺旋测微器测量一簿金属圆板的厚度d,示数如图所示。由图可读出d=_

题型:实验题

题目:

(1)某同学用螺旋测微器测量一簿金属圆板的厚度d,示数如图所示。由图可读出d=________mm。

(2)某同学使用如下器材做“描绘小灯泡的伏安特性曲线”的实验:

待测小灯泡(额定电压12V,工作时电阻为100Ω左右);

电源E(电动势为14V);

电压表V(量程为15V,内阻约为15kΩ);

电流表A(量程为100mA,内阻约为10Ω);

滑动变阻器(最大阻值为10Ω);

单刀单掷开关;导线若干。

①在实验中,既要满足实验要求,又要减小误差,应选用的实验电路图________。

②请根据所选的实验电路图在实物图上连线。

 

③该同学描绘的小灯泡的伏安特性曲线如图所示,由图可求得小灯泡的额定功率为P=________W。(结果保留3位有效数字)

④由小灯泡的伏安特性曲线可知:在较低电压区域(0-2V)内,小灯泡的电阻几乎不变;在较高电压区域(7-10V)内,小灯泡的电阻随电压的增大而________(填“增大”、“不变”或“减小”)。它们变化规律不同的原因是________。

答案:

(1)50.80mm (2)①  C ② 见下图 ③1.18 ④ 增大,流过电阻的电流越大,电阻的温度就越高,电阻也随之增大

题目分析:⑴游标卡尺的主尺读数为50mm,游标读数为0.05×16mm=0.80mm,所以最终读数为50.80mm.

(2)、因做描绘小灯泡伏安特性曲线实验要求电流与电压从零调,故滑动变阻器应用分压式,又小灯泡的电阻远小于电压表内阻,故电流表应用外接法,既满足实验要求,又要减小误差的实验电路图应选C.

根据图丙连接实物图如图

由图象可知,当小灯泡电压为12V时,电流为98mA,所以小灯泡的额定功率为P=UI=12×0.098W=1.18W

根据电阻的定义式:R=,故曲线上的任意点与坐标原点的连线的斜率就表示它的电阻,由图可知,曲线上的任意点与坐标原点的连线的斜率随电压U增加而增大,故电阻随电压的增大而增大;流过电阻的电流越大,单位时间内电阻上产生的内能就越多,电阻的温度就越高,电阻也随之增大;

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题型:单项选择题

Most people have no idea of the hard work. One of the questions that is always asked of me is (1) I became an animal collector in the first (2) .The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any (3) was not the conventional "mamma" or "daddy", (4) the word "zoo", which I would (5) over and over again with a shrill (6) until someone, in order to (7) me up, would take me to the zoo. When I (8) a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great (9) of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time (10) the countryside in search of fresh specimens to (11) to my collection of pets.(12) on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student (13) , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, (14) were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I (15) had enough money of my own to be able to (16) my first trip and I have been going (17) ever since then. Though a collector’s job is not an easy one and is full of (18) , it is certainly a job which will appeal (19) all those who love animals and(20) .

第(8)空应选择()

A.grew

B.was growing

C.grow

D.grown

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